江苏典型养殖区斑点叉尾鮰中多种药物的残留与膳食暴露评估  

Residues and dietary exposure assessment of multiple drugs in Ictalurus punctatus in typical aquaculture areas of Jiangsu

作　　者：徐志华 孟勇[1,2] 杨洪生 刘崇万[1,2] 耿雪冰 葛筱琴 朱晓华[1,2] XU Zhihua;MENG Yong;YANG Hongsheng;LIU Chongwan;GENG Xuebing;GE Xiaoqin;ZHU Xiaohua(Jiangsu Provincial Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute, Nanjing 210017, China;Jiangsu Fishery Product Quality and Safety Key Laboratory, Nanjing 210017, China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省淡水水产研究所,江苏南京210017 [2]江苏省渔业产品质量安全重点实验室,江苏南京210017

出　　处：《中国渔业质量与标准》2021年第5期1-8,共8页Chinese Fishery Quality and Standards

基　　金：江苏现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(JATS[2020]329);江苏省“333工程”培养项目(BRA2020374)。

摘　　要：为了解江苏典型养殖区斑点叉尾鮰(Ictalurus punctatus)中药物残留现状与食用安全健康风险,利用高效液相色谱-串联质谱仪(HPLC-MS/MS),根据斑点叉尾鮰生长周期分3次(3月、7月和10月)对江苏5个养殖区6类共37种药物进行检测。结果表明:5个斑点叉尾鮰养殖区6类37种药物最大残留量总体合格率91.7%,硝基呋喃代谢物类、磺胺类及大环内酯类均未检出。酰胺醇类中氯霉素均未检出,甲砜霉素检出率8.33%,含量在ND~6.32μg/kg;氟苯尼考检出率54.2%,含量为ND~269.5μg/kg,2种抗生素含量均在最大残留限量以下。喹诺酮类中4种禁用药物(洛美沙星、培氟沙星、氧氟沙星和诺氟沙星)未检出,仅有恩诺沙星与环丙沙星被检出,在两个检测点位超过最大残留限量100μg/kg,为确保食用安全性,建议经过20 d以上的休药期再上市。通过膳食暴露评估,恩诺沙星EDI/ADI为0~1.34×10^(-2);甲砜霉素为0~1.07×10^(-4);氟苯尼考0~1.18×10^(-2)。3种抗生素EDI/ADI值均远远小于1,表明对人群膳食暴露评估风险水平在可接受范围内。The objectives of this study were to understand the drug residues status and dietary exposure risk of Ictalurus punctatus in typical aquaculture areas of Jiangsu.According to the three growth cycles of Ictalurus punctatus(March,July and October),37 drugs of 6 categories in Ictalurus punctatus from 5 aquaculture areas of Jiangsu were detected by high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry(HPLC-MS/MS).The results showed that the overall qualification rate of maximum residue limits(MRLs)for 37 drugs of 6 categories in Ictalurus punctatus was 91.7%,among which nitrofuran metabolites,sulfonamides and macrolides were not detected.Chloramphenicol in amide alcohols was not detected,while the detection rates of thiamphenicol and florfenicol were 8.33%and 54.2%along with residues from ND(not detected)to 6.32μg/kg and from ND to 269.5μg/kg,respectively.The residues of both antibiotics were below the MRLs.Four kinds of prohibited drugs in quinolones including lomefloxacin,pefloxacin,ofloxacin and norfloxacin were not detected,and only enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin were detected.In order to ensure the edible safety,Ictalurus punctatus was recommended to appear on the market after withdrawal period of more than 20 days when the detections of enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin exceeded the maximum residue limit of 100μg/kg.Through dietary exposure assessment,the estimated daily intake(EDI)or acceptable daily intake(ADI)values of enrofloxacin,thiamphenicol and florfenicol were 0-1.34×10^(-2),0-1.07×10^(-4) and 0-1.18×10^(-2),respectively.The EDI/ADI values of these three antibiotics were far less than 1,indicated that the dietary exposure risk level was within the acceptable range.

关 键 词：斑点叉尾鮰 药物残留 抗生素 膳食暴露评估 江苏 

分 类 号：TS254.1[轻工技术与工程—水产品加工及贮藏工程]