2009至2019年6~15岁中国儿童超重和肥胖趋势分析  

Changing prevalence of overweight and obesity among Chinese children aged 6-15 from 2009-2019

作　　者：袁金娜[1] 金冰涵 斯淑婷 余运贤[2] 梁黎[3] 王春林[3] 巩纯秀[4] 刘戈力[5] 陈少科[6] 傅君芬[1] Yuan Jinna;Jin Binghan;Si Shuting;Yu Yunxian;Liang Li;Wang Chunlin;Gong Chunxiu;Liu Geli;Chen Shaoke;Fu Junfen(Department of Endocrinology,the Children′s Hospital,Zhejiang University School of Medicine,National Clinical Research Center for Child Health,Hangzhou 310052,China;Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics,School of Public Health,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China;Department of Pediatrics,the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310003,China;Department of Endocrinology,Genetics and Metabolism,Beijing Children′s Hospital,Capital Medical University,National Center for Children′s Health,Beijing 100045,China;Department of Pediatrics,Tianjin Medical University,Tianjin 300052,China;Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,Nanning 530003,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学医学院附属儿童医院内分泌科,国家儿童健康与疾病临床医学研究中心,杭州310052 [2]浙江大学公共卫生学院,杭州310058 [3]浙江大学医学院附属第一医院儿科,杭州310003 [4]国家儿童医学中心,首都医科大学附属北京儿童医院内分泌遗传代谢科,100045 [5]天津医科大学总医院儿科,300052 [6]广西壮族自治区妇幼保健院儿科,南宁530003

出　　处：《中华儿科杂志》2021年第11期935-941,共7页Chinese Journal of Pediatrics

基　　金：“十三五”国家重点研发计划(2016YFC1305301);“十一五”国家科技支撑计划(2009BAI80B01)。

摘　　要：目的分析中国6~15岁儿童的超重和肥胖2009至2019年的变化。方法回顾2009年"十一五"国家科技支撑计划(2009年至2010年)、2017年"十三五"国家重点研发计划(2017年至2019年)两个全国多中心儿童流行病学调查数据,选取两次流调中地域、性别、年龄均匹配的北京和天津(北部地区)、浙江(东部地区)、广西(南部地区)4省、市、自治区共14597对6~15岁儿童为研究对象,以2007年世界卫生组织儿童相关数据为参考标准判定超重与肥胖,利用最小均方算法计算体质指数标准差比值,通过t检验、χ^(2)检验等分析其超重率和肥胖率在10年前后的变化。结果两次流调中14597对儿童中男7721对、女6876对,年龄(10.7±2.5)岁。体质指数标准差比值(BMISDS)在10年前后分别为0.39±1.24和0.36±1.31、总体肥胖率分别为11.9%(1733名)和12.4%(1813名),差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05),但总体超重率由17.1%(2496名)升至19.1%(2781名)(χ^(2)=18.657,P<0.01),年平均增长速度为0.20%。东部地区BMISDS从0.10±1.07增长至0.19±1.22(t=-4.095,P<0.01),超重率和肥胖率分别增长3.8%(202名)和3.1%(169名)(均P<0.01);10年前后北部地区BMISDS和肥胖率差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05),但超重率由20.5%(1233名)增长至22.8%(1365名)(χ^(2)=7.431,P<0.01);南部地区BMISDS从0.30±1.19显著下降至0.09±1.25(t=1.426,P<0.01),肥胖率从9.8%(315名)降至7.9%(256名)(χ^(2)=6.46,P<0.05),超重率差异无统计学意义(P=0.10)。男孩在近10年间肥胖率由16.4%(1265名)增长至18.2%(1407名)(χ^(2)=8.997,P<0.01),超重率由18.0%(1393名)增长至20.5%(1579名)(χ^(2)=14.26,P<0.01),整体超重+肥胖率由34.4%(2658名)增长至38.7%(2986名)(χ^(2)=29.859,P<0.01),8~11岁年龄段的体重问题尤为显著(均P<0.01)。女孩肥胖率由6.8%(468名)降至5.9%(406名)(χ^(2)=4.546,P<0.05),超重率由16.0%(1103名)增长到17.5%(1202名)(χ^(2)=5.006,P<0.05),整体超重+肥胖率由22.8%(1571名)增长至23.4%(1608名)(χ^(2)Objective To analyze the trends of overweight and obesity prevalence in Chinese children,aged from 6 to 15 years old among 4 provinces and cities from 2009 to 2019.Methods Reviewed the national multi-center epidemiological survey data of children from the National Key Technology R&D Program of China during the Eleventh Five-Year Plan(2009 to 2010)and the National Key Research and Development Program of China during the Thirteenth Five-Year Plan(2017 to 2019).The participants′data were selected from four provinces,municipalities and autonomous region,including Beijing,Tianjin(Northern region),Zhejiang(Eastern region),and Guangxi(Southern region).Totally 14597 pairs of 6-15 year-old children were surveyed.According to the body mass index(BMI)and standard deviation score(SDS)of children among different genders,ages,and regions,t test or chi-square test was used to evaluate the changes in overweight and obesity over a 10-year span.Results Totally 7721 pairs of boys and 6876 pairs of girls were collectted in this study,whose mean age was(10.7±2.5)years.In the past 10 years,the overall BMISDS were 0.39±1.24 and 0.36±1.31 and the overall obesity rate were 11.8%(n=1773)anel 12.5%(n=1813)of children in the 4 administrative regions did not have statistically significant differences(all P>0.05).However,the overall overweight rate rose from 17.1%(n=2496)to 19.1%(n=2781)(χ^(2)=18.657,P<0.01),and the average annual growth rate was 0.20%.The BMISDS in the Eastern region increased from 0.10±1.07 to 0.19±1.22(t=-4.095,P<0.01),and the overweight rate and obesity rate increased by 3.8%(n=202)and 3.1%(n=169)respectively(both P<0.01);the BMISDS in the Northern region and the obesity rate did not have statistically significant differences(all P>0.05),but the overweight rate rose from 20.5%(n=1233)to 22.8%(n=1365)significantly(χ^(2)=7.431,P<0.01);BMISDS in the Southern region was significantly decreased from 0.30±1.19 to 0.09±1.25(t=1.426,P<0.01),and the rate of obesity decreased from 9.8%(n=315)to7.9%(n=256)(χ^(2)=6.46,P<0

关 键 词：儿童 青少年 超重 肥胖症 

分 类 号：R723.14[医药卫生—儿科]