基于多矢量定姿的动基座最优化对准算法  

Optimal Alignment Algorithm for Moving Base Based on Multi Vector Attitude Determination

作　　者：刘文倩 程向红[1,2] 曹鹏 丁鹏 LIU Wenqian;CHENG Xianghong;CAO Peng;DING Peng(Key Laboratory of Micro-Inertial Instrument and Advanced Navigation Technology,Ministry of Education,Southeast University,Nanjing 210096;School of Instrument Science&Engineering,Southeast University,Nanjing 210096;Shanghai Aerospace Control Technology Institute,Shanghai 201109)

机构地区：[1]东南大学微惯性仪表与先进导航技术教育部重点实验室,南京210096 [2]东南大学仪器科学与工程学院,南京210096 [3]上海航天控制技术研究所,上海201109

出　　处：《飞控与探测》2021年第5期27-33,共7页Flight Control & Detection

基　　金：上海航天科技创新基金(SAST2019-079)。

摘　　要：针对车载捷联惯导系统(Strapdown Inertial Navigation System,SINS)的传统动基座粗对准方法精度低且环境适应性差的问题,提出了一种基于多矢量定姿的动基座最优化粗对准算法。在传统的基于重力矢量的初始对准方法的基础上,将姿态矩阵求解问题转化成了Wahba问题,实现了对多个时刻重力矢量信息的充分利用,并通过SVD算法实现了对Wahba问题的求解。结合全球导航卫星系统(Global Navigation Satellite System,GNSS)的输出信息和SINS输出信息,构建了状态方程和量测方程,采用Sage-Husa自适应滤波算法解决了量测噪声不准确的问题,不断修正载体系变换矩阵以获得更加精确的姿态转换矩阵。仿真和半物理实验表明,改进算法能够明显提高惯导系统在动基座下的姿态精度,转台实验对准方位误差小于0.05°。Aiming at the problems of low precision and poor adaptability of traditional moving base coarse alignment method for vehicle strapdown inertial navigation system(SINS),an optimal coarse alignment algorithm for moving base based on multi vector attitude determination is proposed.On the basis of the traditional initial alignment method based on gravity vector,the problem of solving attitude matrix is transformed into Wahba problem to make full use of the information of gravity vector at multiple times.The problem of solving Wahba is solved by SVD algorithm.Combining the output information of global navigation satellite system(GNSS)and SINS,the process equation and measurement equation are constructed.Sage-Husa adaptive filtering algorithm is used to solve the problem of measurement noise inaccuracy,and the transform matrix of carrier frame is continuously modified to obtain more accurate attitude conversion matrix.Simulation and semi physical experiments show that the improved algorithm can significantly improve the alignment accuracy,and the alignment azimuth error of turntable experiment is less than 0.05°.

关 键 词：捷联惯导系统 动基座对准 Wahba问题 SVD算法 Sage-Husa自适应滤波 

分 类 号：U666.1[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]