家庭教育期望视角下的教育公平——数字普惠金融对非自致性家庭因素的缓解效应  

Educational Equity from the Perspective of Family Expectations for Education——The Mitigation Effect of Digital Inclusive Finance on Non-Self-Induced Family Factors

作　　者：陈武元 程章继 蔡庆丰[2] Chen Wuyuan;Cheng Zhangji;Cai Qingfeng(the Center for Higher Education Development(Key Research Institute in University),Xiamen University;the School of Economics,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361000)

机构地区：[1]教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地厦门大学高等教育发展研究中心 [2]厦门大学经济学院,厦门361000

出　　处：《教育研究》2021年第10期122-137,共16页Educational Research

摘　　要：教育公平托举民族未来,教育公平不仅是国家的基本教育政策,也是社会各界关注的热点。数字普惠金融能够通过提升家庭预期教育回报率、改变家庭教育偏好、放松家庭资源约束等渠道,提升家庭教育期望,推动教育公平。利用2014—2018年共三轮"中国家庭追踪调查"数据,研究数字普惠金融对家庭教育期望的影响及机制,发现三个特点:一是数字普惠金融总指标以及覆盖广度、使用深度分指标都能够促进家庭教育期望,但数字化程度并未产生显著的促进作用;二是数字普惠金融能够缓解性别歧视、城乡差异、收入分层、家庭教育背景差异、独生与非独生差异等"非自致性因素"造成的教育不公平现象;三是对于低社会资本、低文化资本、低外界信任、低智力水平以及不使用互联网的弱势群体,数字普惠金融未能体现教育公平效应。未来,应进一步拓展数字普惠金融的深度与针对性,利用数字普惠金融推动教育工作提质增效;加强对特殊群体的针对性帮扶,提升对弱势地区、弱势群体的普惠性;凸显教育资源配置的补偿原则,缩小禀赋差异对教育公平的影响。Anticipating the future of the nation,educational equity is not only China’s basic educational policy,but also a focus of social circles. Digital inclusive finance improves a family’s expectations for education and promotes educational equity by improving the expected rates of returns to education,changing a family’s preference for education,and relaxing a family’s resource constraints. This study,based on the data from three rounds of the China Family Panel Studies(CFPS)from 2014 to 2018,explores the effect of digital inclusive finance on family expectations for education.The results show the following:The overall index of digital inclusive finance,and the sub-indicators of both coverage and in-depth use can promote family expectations for education,but the degree of digitization fails to have a significantly positive effect;digital inclusive finance can buffer the educational inequities caused by such non-self-induced factors as gender discrimination,the difference between urban areas and rural areas,income stratification,the difference between families in educational backgrounds,and the difference between only children and other children;and digital inclusive finance fails to have an educational equity-based effect on vulnerable groups with low social capital,low cultural capital,low external trust,low intelligence,and non-users of the Internet. In the future,we need to expand in-depth and pertinent digital inclusive finance,and use it to raise the quality and efficiency of education;strengthen targeted assistance to groups with special needs,and improve inclusiveness for vulnerable areas and groups;and highlight the principle of compensation for the allocation of educational resources,and reduce the impact of endowment-related difference on educational equity.

关 键 词：教育公平 数字普惠金融 家庭教育期望 非自致性因素 

分 类 号：G78[文化科学—教育学]