电动汽车补气增焓型热泵系统低温制热性能研究  

Research on heating performance of electric vehicle vapor injection heat pump air-conditioning system at low temperature

作　　者：刘明康 苏林[1] 方奕栋[1] 余军 朱信达 LIU Mingkang;SU Lin;FANG Yidong;YU Jun;ZHU Xinda(School of Energy and Power Engineering,University of Shanghai for Science and Technology,Shanghai 200093,China)

机构地区：[1]上海理工大学能源与动力工程学院,上海200093

出　　处：《流体机械》2021年第10期7-14,共8页Fluid Machinery

基　　金：上海市动力工程多相流动与传热重点实验室资助项目(1N-15-301-101)。

摘　　要：试验研究了电动汽车补气增焓型热泵空调系统在低温(5~-20℃)运行时的制热性能,研究室外环境温度和压缩机转速对系统制热性能参数和主要零部件运行特性的影响,并与传统热泵系统进行对比。结果表明:补气增焓技术可以有效解决热泵系统低温下制热性能衰减和压缩机排气温度过高两大问题,但随着室外环境温度的升高,补气增焓的提升效果逐渐降低;在-20℃,4000 r/min工况下,传统热泵系统制热量为1.93 kW,COP为1.5,压缩机排气温度为104.2℃;开启补气增焓后,相对补气量为22%,系统制热量提升至2.56 kW,增幅33%,COP提升至1.88,增幅25%,排气温度降至72.6℃,降低了31.6℃。The heating performance of the vapor injection heat pump air-conditioning system of electric vehicle at low temperature(5~-20℃)was investigated through experiments.The effects of different compressor speeds and outdoor ambient temperatures on system heating performance parameters and operating characteristics of main components were investigated at,and compared with the traditional heat pump system.The results show that vapor injection technology can effectively solve two major problems of system heating performance degradation of heat pump at low temperatures and too high compressor discharge temperature.However,as the outdoor ambient temperature rises,the enhancement effect of vapor injection gradually decreases.Under the working condition of -20℃,4000 r/min,the heating capacity of the traditional heat pump system is 1.93 kW,the COP is 1.5,and the compressor discharge temperature is 104.2℃;After the vapor injection is turned on,the relative vapor injection volume is 22%,and the system heating capacity increases to 2.56 kW,an increase of 33%,the COP increases to 1.88,an increase of 25%,and the discharge temperature decreases to 72.6℃,a decrease of 31.6℃.

关 键 词：电动汽车 补气增焓 排气温度 经济器 性能 

分 类 号：TH3[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TB615[一般工业技术—制冷工程]