应用伦理学视阈下人工智能教育的反思与应对  

Reflection and response to the artificial intelligence education from the perspective of applied ethics

作　　者：张志华 季凯 ZHANG Zhihua;JI Kai(College of Educational Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications,Nanjing 210023,China)

机构地区：[1]南京邮电大学教育科学与技术学院,南京210023

出　　处：《南京邮电大学学报（社会科学版）》2021年第5期1-10,共10页Journal of Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“乡村优质教育可及性与实现机制研究”(2020SJZDA117);江苏高校哲学社会科学重点研究基地“教育人工智能研究中心”资助项目;2021年江苏省研究生科研创新计划项目“数智化驱动教育形态嬗变的作用机制与发展路径研究”(KYCX21_0819)。

摘　　要：人工智能的深入发展和广泛应用,深刻影响着教育领域的变革与创新。人工智能教育伦理是对技术伦理视角下教育伦理的再塑,主要面向解决人工智能教育的应用困境。应用伦理学的理论基础来源于五种规范伦理学进路:功利论、义务论、契约论、正义论和美德论,以该理论为基础分析人工智能教育当前主要伦理困境,呈现出功利主义技术观与非功利主义教育观的矛盾、技术与教育多重主体行为的矛盾、技术正当性与个人权利的矛盾、技术引发教育平等与社会不稳定性的矛盾、技术动机与教育本质的矛盾,需从制度、个体和组织三个层面建构人工智能教育生态。The in-depth development and wide application of artificial intelligence have a profound impact on the reform and innovation in the field of education.Artificial intelligence education ethics is the re-shaping of education ethics from the perspective of technology ethics,which is mainly aimed at solving the application dilemma of artificial intelligence education.The theoretical basis of applied ethics comes from five normative ethical approaches:utilitarianism,deontology,contract theory,justice theory and virtue theory.Based on the above basis,this paper analyzes the current main ethical dilemma of artificial intelligence education,showing the contradiction between utilitarian technology view and non-utilitarian education view,the contradiction between technology and multi-subject behavior of education,the contradiction between technological legitimacy and individual rights,the contradiction between education equality and social instability caused by technology,and the contradiction between technological motivation and the essence of education.It is necessary to construct artificial intelligence education ecology from three aspects:system,individual and organization.

关 键 词：人工智能 应用伦理学 技术伦理 教育伦理 

分 类 号：G40-059.1[文化科学—教育学原理]