加拿大儿童早期学习与保育框架: 背景、内容及实施成效  

National Framework for Early Learning and Child Care of Canada:Background,Content and Effectiveness

作　　者：底会娟[1] 李春晖[1] DI Hui-juan;LI Chun-hui(Department of Preschool Education,Hebei Normal University,Shijiazhuang 050024,China)

机构地区：[1]河北师范大学学前教育系,河北石家庄050024

出　　处：《陕西学前师范学院学报》2021年第11期91-101,共11页Journal of Shaanxi Xueqian Normal University

基　　金：河北省社会科学基金项目(HB21RK007);河北省教育科学研究“十三五”规划项目(2003109);河北省教学改革项目(2020GJJG106)。

摘　　要：托育服务一直是加拿大社会的主要政策议题。近年来,加拿大决定改变以往以省/地区为主导,以市场为基础的“拼凑式”的托育服务体系,构建由联邦政府领导和资助的儿童早期学习与保育框架。该框架通过长期持续的资金投入、以证据为基础的公共决策、鼓励和投资最佳创新实践、扶持和发展土著居民的托育服务等方式,旨在为所有儿童构建高质量、可获得、可负担、灵活性和包容性的托育服务。从框架实施的情况来看,虽然托育空间的数量显著增加,家庭托育费用有所降低,但也存在托育空间规划不足、费用削减昙花一现、土著项目成效难以评估、托育工作者招募和留任困难、托育服务质量难以改善等问题。学习和了解加拿大儿童早期学习和儿童保育框架的相关内容,可以为我国托育服务体系建设提供经验和借鉴。Child care service has always been a major policy issue in Canadian society.In recent years,Canada has decided to move away from a“patchwork”system of provincial/region-led,market-based child care services to a federally led and funded framework for early childhood learning and care.The framework aims to build high-quality,accessible,affordable,flexible and inclusive child⁃care services for all children through long-term and sustained financial investment,evidence-based public decision-making,encour⁃aging and investing in best innovative practices,and supporting and developing indigenous childcare services.From the perspective of the implementation of the framework,although the number of nurseries has increased significantly and the cost of family nurseries has decreased,there are still some problems,such as insufficient planning of nurseries space,short-lived cost reduction,difficulty in evaluating the effectiveness of indigenous projects,difficulty in recruiting and retaining nurseries workers,and difficulty in improving the quality of nurseries services.In this regard,the federal government decided to build a completely public funded nursery service system,and through the establishment of institutions and improve legislation to protect children’s right to early learning and care.Learning and understanding the relevant contents of Canada’s early childhood learning and child care framework can provide experi⁃ence and reference for the construction of China’s childcare service system.

关 键 词：加拿大 早期学习 儿童保育 托育服务 

分 类 号：G617[文化科学—学前教育学]