车辆减速器轻车跳动现象的动力学分析  

Dynamic analysis of extrusion of light vehicles of vehicle retarder

作　　者：屠志平 沈振方 马天宇 胡三宝[3] TU Zhiping;SHEN Zhenfang;MA Tianyu;HU Sanbao(Signal&Communication Research Institute,China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081,China;Hubei Key Laboratory of Auto Parts of Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430070,China;Hubei Auto Parts Collaborative Innovation Center,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司通信信号研究所,北京100081 [2]武汉理工大学汽车零部件湖北省重点实验室,湖北武汉430070 [3]武汉理工大学湖北省汽车零部件协同创新中心,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《武汉大学学报（工学版）》2021年第10期958-965,共8页Engineering Journal of Wuhan University

基　　金：中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司科研开发计划顶目(编号:2018YJ067)。

摘　　要：首先从静力学的角度分析了轻车在减速器区段发生跳动的原因,并通过建立"车辆-基本轨-减速器机构"的刚柔耦合动力学模型,对车辆实际溜放制动过程进行了动力学仿真,得到了制动过程中车辆关键参数的动力学响应,找出了轻车跳动的动力学原因。在此基础上应用参数分析,得出减速器摩擦系数、制动轨高度等对轻车跳动的影响规律。结果表明:在保证制动力满足要求的情况下,将摩擦系数控制在0.17以下可以明显缓解轻车跳动现象;摩擦系数为0.17时,将实际制动高度控制在71 mm以上(即名义制动高度大于86 mm),可以使车轮跳动高度降低1.2 mm,安全裕量增加11.2 mm,有效降低了轻车挤出的可能性,为现场解决轻车挤出现象以及减速器后续结构设计提供了重要参考。This paper first analyzes the cause of the bounce of light vehicles in the retarder section from the perspective of statics.By establishing the rigid-flexible coupling dynamics model of "vehicle-rail-retarder mechanism",the actual vehicle braking process dynamics simulation is carried out,the key parameters of the dynamic response during vehicle braking are obtained and the kinetics reason of the bounce of light vehicles is found out.Through parameter analysis,the influence laws of friction coefficient of retarder and the height of brake rails on the bounce of light vehicles are obtained.The results show that under the condition of ensuring that the braking force meets the requirements,controlling the friction coefficient below 0.17 can obviously alleviate the bounce of light vehicles.When the friction coefficient is 0.17,if the actual braking height is controlled above 71 mm(that is,the nominal height of brake rail is greater than 86 mm),the wheel bounce height can be reduced by 1.2 mm,and the safety margin can be increased by 11.2 mm,which can effectively reduce the possibility of the extrusion of light vehicles.The study provides a reference for solving the phenomenon of the extrusion of light vehicles and the subsequent structural design of the retarder.

关 键 词：车辆减速器 轻车跳动 动力学仿真 结构设计 

分 类 号：U284.63[交通运输工程—交通信息工程及控制]