美国大学终身教职时钟暂停政策研究  

Tenure Clock Stoppage Policy in American Universities

作　　者：高惠蓉[1] 单婧 GAO Huirong;SHAN Jing(College of Teacher Education,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学教师教育学院,上海200062

出　　处：《比较教育研究》2021年第11期49-54,共6页International and Comparative Education

基　　金：全国教育科学“十四五”规划2021年度教育部重点课题“二孩时代‘学术母亲’生育型学术中断及应对机制研究”(课题编号:DIA210353)。

摘　　要：美国大学终身教职时钟暂停政策是终身教职制改革的重要举措,适用于教职轨教师因个人与家庭原因延长教职考查期。它体现了灵活的高校人才机制和家庭友好的校园文化,有助于促进高等教育卓越性和多元化发展。终身教职时钟暂停政策动因是高校教职试用期教师,特别是女教师的职业满意度低下,教职轨教师比例下降等现实矛盾;其理论依据是职业安全准则、社会性别理论以及同构化原理。基于对7所美国研究型大学的研究发现:政策内容涉及适用条件、延长时限以及申请流程;政策办法稳定、实施流程规范,但也有值得其他国家在未来改革中警惕的问题与障碍。The tenure clock extension policy in American universities is an important measure in the reform process of tenure system,which can be used by teachers who apply for an extension of the tenure review for personal and family reasons.This policy embodies flexible talent mechanism,building up family-friendly campus culture.It also plays an important role in promoting the excellence and diversity of higher education.The major initiatives of this policy are to respond to the low professional satisfaction of probationary teachers,especially female teachers,and to address the decrease in the proportion of teachers in tenure track and other practical problems.Its theory is based on the occupational safety criterion,the theory of gender and the isomorphism principle.A study of seven American research universities indicates that the policy content mainly relates to applicability,extendable time limit and application process.Tenure clock stoppage policy in American universities is stable and has regulated implementation norms.But there are also problems and obstacles that deserve to be circumvented by other countries.

关 键 词：美国 终身教职制 教职时钟暂停 高等教育政策 

分 类 号：G649.712[文化科学—高等教育学]