汉语中“红”意象的语言表征及文化认知阐释——以《红楼梦》为例  

Linguistic Representations of“Red”Images in Chinese and Their Cultural-cognitive Interpretations with Special Reference to A Dream of Red Mansions

作　　者：刘桂玲[1] LIU Guiling(College of Foreign Languages, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学外国语学院,长春130012

出　　处：《长春大学学报》2021年第11期55-60,共6页Journal of Changchun University

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学规划基金项目(20YJA740027);吉林省社会科学基金项目(2018B27;2020B201)。

摘　　要：颜色作为文化符号在社会语言学和文化研究中具有重要意义,文章以《红楼梦》为例分析“红”意象在汉语中的语言表征及其文化认知理据。研究发现,《红楼梦》中“红”的语言表征为基本颜色词“红”和三类非基本颜色词,即“红”的近义词、由“红”构成的复合颜色词、物品名称用于描述红色意象。“红”意象在《红楼梦》中具有深刻内涵,体现了中国文化中的“尚红”心理和汉语中转喻和隐喻的普遍性。在《红楼梦》中,“红”意象主要用于转喻人物、事件、身份和情感,红色物品的名称常用于转喻和隐喻“红”意象,“红”意象主要隐喻时间和喜庆。在《红楼梦》中,“红”转喻使用的情况多于隐喻使用,这似乎证明颜色转喻比颜色隐喻更基础。Colors as linguistic symbols have great significance in sociolinguistic and cultural studies.This paper analyzes the linguistic representations of“red”images and their cultural-cognitive motivations with special reference to A Dream of Red Mansions.It has been found out that the linguistic representations of“red”images are the basic color term“red”and three non-basic color words:words denoting different hues of red,compounds formed out of“red”and names of red objects.The“red”images as cultural symbols have deep connotations,reflecting the preference for red in Chinese culture and the prevalence of metonymic and metaphorical thinkings in Chinese.In A Dream of Red Mansions,“red”images are often used as metonymies of human beings,events,positions and emotions.Furthermore,names of the red objects are often used metonymically and metaphorically to refer to the“red”color.“Red”images are also used as metaphors for time or happiness.There are more“red”metonymies than metaphors in the novel,which seems to prove that color metonymies are more basic than color metaphors.

关 键 词：“红”意象 汉语 语言表征 文化认知 《红楼梦》 

分 类 号：H131[语言文字—汉语]