中国行业工资合理性研究  

Research on the Rationality of China’s Industrial Wages

作　　者：柏培文[1] 李相霖 Bai Peiwen;Li Xianglin

机构地区：[1]厦门大学经济学院

出　　处：《中国人口科学》2021年第5期2-17,126,共17页Chinese Journal of Population Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“我国不同要素分配关系与分配正义理念创新研究”(编号:17ZDA114)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：文章使用2003~2019年行业数据,对全国各地区行业工资合理性进行研究。结果表明,中国行业间工资分配明显不合理,具有一定垄断性的行业劳动工资收益稳居前列,竞争性行业基本处于弱势地位,行业间劳动工资收益差距正逐渐增加,流动性逐渐减小和固化。劳动力稀缺地区(如西南)劳动工资收益较高,劳动力密集地区(如华中)劳动工资收益较低,发达地区劳动工资收益整体降幅较小,而其他地区降幅较大。中国各行业之间劳动工资收益差距的不合理主要归因于行业结构异质性诱发的工资决定机制不同。各地行业工资合理性呈现较强的地区相关特征,并受到周边地区环境和政策因素的影响,其中技术进步、城镇化率、国有化程度、教育水平和医疗水平因素对行业工资合理性影响较大。基于上述研究,针对现实中存在的问题,文章提出推进行业工资合理分配、促进劳动者合理就业的对策建议。Using the industry data from 2003 to 2019,this paper studies the rationality of industry wages in Chinese regions.The results show that wages distribution among industries is obviously irrational.Monopolistic industries are in front rank in terms of average wage income,while competitive industries are basically in weak positions.The inter industry wage gap is gradually increasing,and the liquidity shows decreasing and tends to be fixed.Average wages in labor scarce areas(such as southwest China)are higher,whereas those in labor intensive areas(such as central China)are lower.The overall decline of wage incomes in developed areas is smaller,while that in other areas is larger.The irrational wage income gap between different industries in China is mainly due to the different wage determination mechanisms induced by the heterogeneity of industrial structure.The rationality of industrial wages in various regions presents strong regional related characteristics,which are affected by the surrounding economic environment and policy factors.Factors such as technological progress,urbanization rate,state-owned level,education level and medical-care level have great impact on the rationality of industrial wages.Based on the above research,this paper puts forward some suggestions about promoting the rational distribution of industry wages and fair employment of workers.

关 键 词：行业工资 合理性 流动性 收敛性 

分 类 号：F249.24[经济管理—劳动经济]