基于常态挖掘轨迹的铲斗疲劳寿命研究  

Study on Fatigue Life of Bucket Based on Normal Mining Trajectory

作　　者：刘菊蓉[1] 孙浩然 梁杨[1] 冯明豪 魏万行 任志贵[1] LIU Jurong;SUN Haoran;LIANG Yang;FENG Minghao;WEI Wanxing;REN Zhigui(College of Mechanical Engineering,Shaanxi University of Technology,Hanzhong Shaanxi 723001,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西理工大学机械工程学院,陕西汉中723001

出　　处：《机床与液压》2021年第21期89-93,共5页Machine Tool & Hydraulics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(51605270);陕西省科技厅自然科学基金项目(2020JM-600):陕西省教育厅自然科学基金项目(19JK0172);陕西省教育厅重点实验室项目(18JS020)。

摘　　要：针对实际挖掘过程中液压挖掘机铲斗铰点载荷谱难以获取、导致铲斗疲劳寿命难以分析的问题,提出基于常态挖掘轨迹的铲斗疲劳寿命分析方法。首先根据实际挖掘过程选取常态挖掘轨迹,对常态挖掘轨迹中各分段轨迹的液压缸理论挖掘力进行计算,得到挖掘阻力载荷谱;然后基于挖掘轨迹对工作装置挖掘过程进行仿真,获得铲斗铰点载荷谱;最后建立铲斗有限元模型,结合挖掘阻力和铰点载荷谱对铲斗静力学和疲劳寿命进行协同分析。以21T挖掘机铲斗为例,采用上述方法对其进行疲劳寿命分析,计算得到了J_(3)J_(4)轨迹中铲斗的最低疲劳寿命为3.2936×10^(7)次。铲斗疲劳寿命分析结果验证了该方法的可行性,为挖掘机工作装置的疲劳分析提供了参考。In order to solve the problem that it is difficult to obtain the load spectrum of the bucket hinge of the hydraulic excava⁃tor in actual digging process,which leads to the difficulty of analyzing the bucket fatigue life,a bucket fatigue life analysis method was put forward based on common digging trajectory.The common digging tracks were selected from the actual digging process,and the digging forces of the hydraulic cylinders in each section of the common digging tracks were calculated separately,and the digging resist⁃ance load spectrum was obtained.Based on the digging trajectory,the excavation process of the working device was simulated,and the bucket hinge point load spectrum was obtained.Finally,the bucket finite element model was established,and the bucket statics and fatigue life were analyzed by combining the digging resistance and the hinge point load spectrum.Taking the bucket of 21T excavator as an example,its fatigue life was analyzed by using the above method,and the minimum fatigue life of bucket in J_(3)J_(4) trajectory was cal⁃culated to be 3.2936×10^(7).The feasibility of this method is verified,which provides reference for fatigue analysis of working device of excavator.

关 键 词：液压挖掘机 铲斗 常态挖掘轨迹 理论挖掘力 结构强度 疲劳寿命 

分 类 号：TU621[建筑科学—建筑技术科学]