“双重脱嵌”中的存在性不安——学校公共生活中儿童消极参与行为的现象学阐释  

Ontological Insecurity in the State of“Double Disembeddedness”:Phenomenological Interpretation of Children’s Passive Participation in School Public Life

作　　者：翟文爽 周兴国[1] ZHAI Wen-shuang;ZHOU Xing-guo(School of Educational Science,Anhui Normal University,Wuhu,Anhui,241000,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽师范大学教育科学学院,安徽芜湖241000

出　　处：《基础教育》2021年第5期13-20,共8页Journal of Schooling Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金一般课题《新时代美好生活观引领的高质量教育发展进路研究》(项目编号:21BKS018)。

摘　　要：消极参与是当前学校公共生活中的常见现象。在存在论视域中,其实质是外部世界与意义世界的"双重脱嵌"使得儿童面临存在状态的稳定性与确定性风险,这种风险催生了儿童的存在性不安以及随之而来的多重消极情绪体验,激发了其寻求安全、退避参与的本能。教育者要对儿童的消极参与行为保有现象学敏感,积极构建参与能力与责任意识获得之间的意义中介。具体而言,教育者应当致力于帮助儿童自主建构"选择性嵌入"的能力与勇气,既要及时、有效地识别儿童的异质性,尽可能以合理的公共参与活动安排引导儿童在活动中有序彰显自己的异质性价值;又要适当提供与个体能力、价值期望不相符的参与机会,帮助儿童在群己之间非对称的功能组合中寻找角色定位、重塑身份认同,进而获得存在性安全。Passive participation is a common phenomenon in school public life.From the perspective of ontology,the essence is that the"double disembeddedness"of the external world and the world of meaning makes children face the stability and certainty risk of existence state,which promotes children’s ontological insecurity and subsequent multiple negative emotional experience,and stimulates their instinct to seek sense of security and retreat from participation.Educators should be phenomenologically sensitive to children’s passive participation and actively construct the meaning intermediary between participation ability and the acquisition of responsibility consciousness.To be specific,educators should devote themselves to helping children construct the ability and courage of"selective embedding"by themselves.They should identify children’s heterogeneity in time and effectively,and guide children to display their own heterogeneous value in activities by reasonable arrangement of public participation activities as far as possible.At the same time,participation opportunities that are not consistent with individual abilities and value expectations should be provided appropriately,so as to help children find their role positioning and rebuild their identity in the asymmetric functional combination between the group and themselves,so as to obtain ontological security.

关 键 词：现象学 消极参与 存在性不安 “双重脱嵌” 

分 类 号：G625.5[文化科学—教育学]