2种养殖模式下草鱼肌肉营养成分的比较分析  

Comparison of Muscle Nutritional Components in Grass Carp Ctenopharyngodon idellus Under Two Culture Modes

作　　者：杨明 施永海[1,2] 徐嘉波 袁新程[1,2] 谢永德 YANG Ming;SHI Yong-hai;XU Jia-bo(Shanghai Fisheries Research Institute,Shanghai 200433;Shanghai Fisheries Technical Extension Station,Shanghai 200433,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市水产研究所,上海200433 [2]上海市水产技术推广站,上海200433

出　　处：《浙江海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第4期312-321,共10页Journal of Zhejiang Ocean University：Natural Science

基　　金：上海市科技兴农项目(沪农科推字[2019]第3-2号)。

摘　　要：研究草鱼单养(以下简称单养组)和草鱼-凡纳滨对虾混养(以下简称混养组)2种养殖模式下草鱼肌肉营养成分的差异,为选择适宜的养殖方式、改善养殖草鱼营养品质提供参考。采用生化分析方法对2种养殖模式下草鱼肌肉的一般营养成分、氨基酸含量、脂肪酸含量进行营养成分分析比较。单养组草鱼肌肉水分含量显著高于混养组(P<0.05),混养组粗脂肪含量显著高于单养组(P<0.05)。单养组和混养组草鱼肌肉均检测出18种氨基酸,除胱氨酸、组氨酸、酪氨酸和色氨酸在两组间不存在显著差异外,其余氨基酸均是单养组显著高于混养组(P<0.05),单养组氨基酸总量、非必需氨基酸和鲜味氨基酸含量极显著高于混养组(P<0.01),单养组必需氨基酸和半必须氨基酸含量显著高于混养组(P<0.05)。根据氨基酸评分,单养组和混养组第一限制性氨基酸均为色氨酸,第二限制性氨基酸均为蛋氨酸+胱氨酸;根据化学评分,单养组和混养组第一限制性氨基酸均为蛋氨酸+胱氨酸,第二限制性氨基酸均为色氨酸;单养组亚油酸C18:2n6和亚麻酸C18:3n6含量均极显著高于混养组(P<0.01),EPA、DHA含量显著高于混养组(P<0.05),两者之和(EPA+DHA)极显著高于混养组(P<0.01),单养组多不饱和脂肪酸总量(ΣPUFA)极显著高于混养组(P<0.01)。本试验条件下,两种养殖模式对草鱼肌肉一般营养成分、氨基酸组成含量、脂肪酸组成含量存在显著影响,单养组草鱼肌肉营养品质总体上优于混养模式。In order to study the effects of different culture modes on the nutrient composition of muscle in grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idellus,two culture modes:a)mono-culture system(referred to as mono-culture group)and b)C.idellus+Litopenaeus vannamei mix-culture system(referred to as mix-culture group)were performed in current study.The purpose of this study is to provide reference for selecting suitable culture modes and improving the nutritional quality of cultured grass carp.Biochemical analysis method was used to analyze and compare the nutritional composition of grass carp muscle under the two culture modes.The results showed that muscle water content in mono-culture group was significantly higher than that in mix-culture group(P<0.05),while the muscle of crude fat content in mixed culture group was significantly higher than that in monoculture group(P<0.05).Eighteen kinds of amino acids were detected in the muscle of grass carp in two culture modes.All amino acids except cystine,histidine,tyrosine and tryptophan in mono-culture group were significantly higher than that in mix-culture group(P<0.05).The contents of total amino acids,non-essential amino acids and delicious amino acids in mono-culture group were significantly higher than those in mix-culture group(P<0.01).The contents of essential amino acids and semi-essential amino acids in mono-culture group were significantly higher than those in mix-culture group(P<0.05).According to the amino acid score(AAS),the first restrictive amino acid of C.idellus in the two culture modes is tryptophan,the second restrictive amino acid are methionine+cystine.According to chemical score(CS),the first restrictive amino acid of C.idellus in the two culture modes are methionine+cystine,the second restrictive amino acid is tryptophan.The contents of linoleic acid C18:2n6 and linolenic acid C18:3n6 in mono-culture group were significantly higher than those in mix-culture group(P<0.01).The contents of EPA,DHA in mono-culture group were significantly higher than those in mix-cult

关 键 词：草鱼 营养成分 氨基酸 脂肪酸 

分 类 号：S963.161[农业科学—水产养殖]