西周诸侯任王官述论  

Discussion on the feudal princes appointed as officials in Western Zhou Dynasty

作　　者：卢中阳[1] Lu Zhongyang

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学历史文化学院,陕西西安710119

出　　处：《东岳论丛》2021年第11期151-157,192,共8页DongYue Tribune

基　　金：陕西师范大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金重点项目“全球视野下的指定服役制度研究”(15SZZD02)。

摘　　要：诸侯任王官作为周人血缘共同体内部分工在政治上的延续,是西周官制原始性和不成熟性的重要体现。诸侯入为王官乃西周社会之通例,并不能将其等同于"畿内诸侯"或采邑主。从诸侯所任王官的内涵来看,不仅要提供物品,而且要亲履其事,不可与成熟官制下的官职同日而语。由于空间距离与履职之间的矛盾,诸侯所任的王官相继被周王身边的近臣或中小贵族取代,较为成熟的官僚制度才逐渐建立。从诸侯任王官向成熟官制的转化,在周代经历了漫长的历史过程,直至春秋早期才最终完成。后世学者将诸侯任王官视为"畿内诸侯"和采邑主,旨在论证西周初期便已经具备成熟的官僚制度,并不符合周王朝的历史实际。Appointing the feudal princes as officials was the political continuance of labor division within internal consanguinity,which represented the primitive and immature of official system in Western Zhou.Although it was common during that period of time,those princes were different from ji nei zhu hou and cai yi zhu.They not only needed to offer Kung-Na and serve for the King,but also can not be compared with the official position under the mature official system of later generations.Because of the contradiction between space distance and duty performance,The feudal princes appointed as officials were displaced gradually by the king’s servants and thus led to the foundation of the mature bureaucracy.This transition was not completed until the early Spring and Autumn Era.However,later scholars believe the feudal princes are the same with ji nei zhu hou and cai yi zhu and demonstrate that the mature bureaucracy was formed in the early Western Zhou.This was not the truth of the history of the Zhou Dynasty.

关 键 词：西周 诸侯 王官 

分 类 号：R224[医药卫生—中医基础理论]