艾滋病致孤儿童膳食营养状况  

Dietary nutritional status of AIDS orphans

作　　者：阿斯木古丽·克力木[1] 阿迪拉·阿不来提 努尔妮赛姆·塔什 张羽珊 阿比达·阿不来提 Asimuguli KELIMU;Adila ABULAITI;Nuernisaimu TASHI;ZHANG Yushan;Abi-da ABULAITI(Department of Child and Maternal Health,School of Public Health,Xinjiang Medical University,Key Laboratory of Special Environment and Health Research in Xinjiang,Urumqi(830011),China;不详)

机构地区：[1]新疆医科大学公共卫生学院,儿少卫生与妇幼保健学教研室,新疆特殊环境与健康研究重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830011 [2]新疆阿克苏地区妇幼保健院 [3]新疆医科大学儿科学院

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2021年第11期1624-1628,1632,共6页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金项目(2017D01C225)。

摘　　要：目的了解乌鲁木齐市7~12岁艾滋病致孤儿童(艾滋孤儿)膳食营养状况,为促进其生长发育与健康状况提供科学依据。方法采用单纯随机抽样方法,抽取乌鲁木齐市7~12岁艾滋孤儿(98名)和同龄普通孤儿(66名)及一般儿童(145名)共309名进行营养状况调查。采用24 h膳食回顾法记录3组儿童一日三餐的饮食情况,按中国居民每日膳食营养素推荐摄入量(recommended nutrient intake, RNI)分析儿童能量及营养素摄入及达标情况。结果艾滋孤儿组消瘦检出率为44.9%,高于普通孤儿组(40.9%)和一般儿童组(28.2%);艾滋孤儿组和普通孤儿组超重率分别为3.1%,3.0%,均低于一般儿童组(8.3%);艾滋孤儿组能量及膳食营养素的每日平均摄入量低于其余两组,且钙、铁、锌和维生素A、维生素B;、维生素B;、叶酸以及维生素C、维生素D摄入量均未达标;艾滋孤儿组粮谷类、蔬菜类、水果类、蛋类、奶类、油类的日均摄入量均低于一般儿童组和普通孤儿组,除粮谷类、蛋类外,其余3组间差异均有统计学意义(F值分别为3.02,5.23,27.86,16.59,P值均<0.05),而艾滋孤儿组和普通孤儿组儿童蔬菜类、水产类、蛋类、奶类的摄入均低于推荐摄入量。结论乌鲁木齐市7~12岁艾滋孤儿消瘦检出率较高,膳食营养摄入不均衡、营养状况欠佳。应改善艾滋孤儿的膳食结构以满足儿童青少年生长发育和健康的需要。Objective To understand the dietary nutritional status of AIDS orphans aged 7-12 in Urumqi, and to provide a scientific basis for promoting growth, development and health. Methods Using a random sampling method, a total of 309 children aged 7-12, from Urumqi were selected. The sample included 98 orphans with AIDS, 66 orphaned children not affected by AIDS, and 145 cases of non-orphaned children. A 24-hour diet review method was used to record the diet of all three groups of children who received three meals per day, energy levels and the nutrient intake of AIDS orphans and their attainment were analyzed according to the daily recommended nutrient intake(RNI) of Chinese residents. Results The detection rate of wasting in the AIDS orphans group was 44.9%, which was higher than that in the orphans without-AIDS group(40.9%) and the non-orphaned group(28.2%);the overweight rates of AIDS orphans and orphans without AIDS were 3.1% and 3.0%, respectively, which were both lower than those of non-orphaned children(8.3%);the average daily intake of energy and dietary nutrients in the AIDS orphans group was lower than that in the other two groups, and the intake of vitamin A, vitamin B;, vitamin B;, vitamin C,vitamin D, folic acid, calcium, zinc, and iron was seriously insufficient, the intake of food grains, vegetables, fruit, eggs, milk and dairy products, and the average daily intake of oil was lower among AIDS orphans than orphans without AIDS and non-orphaned children, additionally, except for food grains, eggs, there were significant differences between the three groups(F=3.02,5.23,27.86,16.59,P<0.05), and the daily intake of vegetables, aquatic products, eggs and milk in AIDS orphans and orphans was lower than the recommeded intake. Conclusion A higher rate of wasting, unbalanced nutrient intake, and poor nutritional status was found among AIDS orphans aged 7-12 in Urumqi. Therefore, there is a need to improve the dietary structure of AIDS orphans with the aim of promoting healthy development.

关 键 词：获得性免疫缺陷综合征 膳食 营养状况 儿童 

分 类 号：R153.2[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学] R151[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]