膳食脂肪摄入对女童初潮影响的前瞻性研究  

Prospective effect of dietary intake of fat on menarche among girls

作　　者：高婉珂 段若男[1] 李静[1] 陈玥 邢栋 熊静远 赵莉[1] 成果 GAO Wanke;DUAN Ruonan;LI Jing;CHEN Yue;XING Dong;XIONG Jingyuan;ZHAO Li;CHENG Guo(West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu(610041),China;不详)

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西公共卫生学院(四川大学华西第四医院),成都610041 [2]四川大学华西第二医院西部妇幼医学研究院 [3]四川大学护理学院

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2021年第11期1688-1691,共4页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFC2006300)。

摘　　要：目的探讨初潮前膳食总脂肪及不同类型脂肪酸摄入对女童初潮发生的前瞻性影响,为预防中国儿童青春期发育提前提供理论依据。方法利用"中国居民健康与营养调查(CHNS)"数据,选取1997—2015年有初潮信息且具有基线膳食调查数据并至少参与了一次随访调查的1 240名6~13岁女童为研究对象,采用Cox回归模型分析初潮前膳食总脂肪及脂肪酸摄入对女童初潮发生的前瞻性影响。结果调查对象的平均基线年龄为(8.3±1.8)岁。调整出生年代、居住地、家庭人均年收入水平、膳食能量摄入量及体质量指数Z评分(BMI SDS)后,膳食总脂肪及多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)摄入量最高组女童出现初潮提前的风险分别比最低组高30%和34%[HR值(HR值95%CI)分别为1.30(1.01~1.68)、1.34(1.05~1.70)];未发现膳食饱和脂肪酸(SFA)、单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA)摄入量与初潮发生的关联[HR值(HR值95%CI)分别为1.24(0.98~1.58)、1.25(0.97~1.62),P值均>0.05]。结论初潮前较高的膳食总脂肪及PUFA摄入可能导致女童初潮发生提前;未发现SFA及MUFA摄入与初潮发生的关联。Objective To explore the prospective effect of dietary intake of total fat and fatty acids on menarcheal timing among girls, and to provide a theoretical basis for preventing the early puberty development of Chinese children. Methods Using the data from 1997-2015 China Health and Nutrition Survey(CHNS), 1 240 girls aged 6-13 with menarche information, baseline dietary survey data and at least one follow-up assessment were selected. Cox regression analysis was performed to examine the prospective effect of dietary intake of total fat and fatty acids before menarche on age at menarche. Results The mean baseline age of the participants was(8.3±1.8). After adjustment for year of birth, residence, household income, dietary energy intake and body mass index Z-score at baseline, girls in the highest quartile of intake of total fat and polyunsaturated fatty acid(PUFA) had a 30% and 34% higher probability of experiencing menarche at an earlier age than those in the lowest quartile [HR(HR 95%CI)=1.30(1.01~1.68),1.34(1.05~1.70)]. After adjusting for the confounders, there were no correlations between the intake of saturated fatty acid(SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acid(MUFA) and the onset of menarche [HR(HR 95%CI)=1.24(0.98~1.58),1.25(0.97~1.62)](P>0.05). Conclusion Higher dietary intake of total fat and PUFA before menarche may lead to earlier age at menarche and no correlation between intake of SFA and MUFA before menarche with age at menarche is found among Chinese girls.

关 键 词：膳食 脂肪组织 月经初潮 前瞻性研究 儿童 女(雌)性 

分 类 号：R151[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学] R153.2[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]