坝上山区林下养殖对坝上长尾鸡与北京油鸡生产性能、屠宰性能及肌肉氨基酸含量的影响  

Effects of breeding under the forest Bashang mountain area on productivity,slaughter performance and muscle amino acid content of Bashang long-tailed chickens and Beijing fatty chickens

作　　者：徐占云[1] 秦睿玲[1] 张立永[1] 褚海义[1] 官丽辉[1] 马旭平[1] XU Zhanyun;QIN Ruiling;ZHANG Liyong;CHU Haiyi;GUAN Lihui;MA Xuping(College of Animal Science and Technology,Hebei North University,Zhangjiakou 075000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北北方学院动物科技学院,河北张家口075000

出　　处：《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2021年第22期43-47,53,共6页Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine

基　　金：河北省科技厅重点研发计划项目(18226618D);河北省现代农业产业技术体系蛋肉鸡创新团队项目(HBCT2018150408);河北省现代农业产业技术体系草业创新团队项目(HBCT2018160402)。

摘　　要：为了研究坝上山区林下生态养殖对不同品种鸡生产性能、屠宰性能和肌肉氨基酸含量的影响,试验选择体重均匀一致的30日龄雌性坝上长尾鸡与北京油鸡各120只,分成坝上长尾鸡组与北京油鸡组,每组4个重复,每个重复30只,在坝上山区林下进行散养试验,试验期120 d,统计和对比分析150日龄时各重复的生产性能[成活率、平均日补饲量、平均日增重、料(补饲量)重比、产蛋率、平均蛋重以及料(补饲量)蛋比]、屠宰性能(宰前活重、屠体重、屠宰率、全净膛重、全净膛率、半净膛重、半净膛率、腿肌重、腿肌率、胸肌重、胸肌率、腹脂重、腹脂率、输卵管及卵巢指数)和肌肉氨基酸含量指标。结果表明:坝上长尾鸡成活率、平均日补饲量和平均日增重均显著高于北京油鸡(P<0.05),料(补饲量)重比显著低于北京油鸡(P<0.05);北京油鸡的产蛋率和平均蛋重均显著高于坝上长尾鸡(P<0.05),料(补饲量)蛋比显著低于坝上长尾鸡(P<0.05)。坝上长尾鸡宰前活重、屠体重、全净膛重、半净膛重、胸肌重和腿肌重分别比北京油鸡显著高0.38 kg、0.39 kg、0.33 kg、0.31 kg、43.50 g和138.20 g(P<0.05);腿肌率比北京油鸡显著高6.01百分点(P<0.05),而腹脂率比北京油鸡低0.17百分点(P>0.05);北京油鸡输卵管和卵巢指数均显著高于坝上长尾鸡(P<0.05)。两个品种鸡腿肌中均检测出14种氨基酸,北京油鸡腿肌中氨基酸总量、鲜味氨基酸和必需氨基酸总量分别比坝上长尾鸡显著高0.399,0.192,0.154 mg/g(P<0.05);两个品种胸肌中均检测出13种氨基酸,坝上长尾鸡必需氨基酸总量显著高于北京油鸡(P<0.05)。说明在坝上山区林下养殖环境下,坝上长尾鸡的适应性优于北京油鸡,表现出较好的生产性能和屠宰性能,但北京油鸡的产蛋性能要优于坝上长尾鸡;两个品种鸡腿肌和胸肌中各类氨基酸含量存在明显差别,北京油鸡肌肉中氨基�In order to study the breeding under the forest Bashang mountain area on productivity,slaughter performance and muscle amino acid content of different breeds of chicken,30-day-old female Bashang long-tailed chickens and Beijing fatty chickens were divided into two groups of Bashang long-tailed chickens group and Beijing fatty chickens muscle group(120 per goup and 4 replicate per group,30 per replicate).Free-range trials was carried out under the forest Bashang mountain area and the trial lasted for 120 days.The indices of production performance[survival rate,average daily supplementary feeding amount,average daily gain,ratio of feed(supplementary feed amount)to gain,laying rate,average egg weight and ratio of feed(supplementary feed amount)to egg],slaughter performance(live weight befor slaughter,carcass weight,dressing percentage,full eviscerated weight,full eviscerated ratio,half eviscerated weight,half eviscerated raito,leg muscle weight,leg muscle rate,chest muscle weight,chest muscle rate,abdominal fat weight,abdominal fat rate,oviduct and ovary index)and amino acid content in muscle of chickens in each replicate at 150 days of age were analyzed.The results showed that the survival rate,average daily supplementary feeding amount and average daily gain of Bashang long-tailed chickens were higher than those of Beijing fatty chickens at 150 days of age(P<0.05),and feed(supplementary feed amount)/gain of Bashang long-tailed chickens were significantly lower than that of Beijing fatty chickens(P<0.05).The laying rate and average egg weight of Beijing fatty chickens were significantly higher than those of Bashang long-tailed chickens(P<0.05),and the feed(supplementary feed amount)to egg ratio of Beijing fatty chickens were significantly lower than that of Bashang long-tailed chickens(P<0.05).The live weight before slaughter,carcass weight,fully eviscerated weight,half eviscerated weight,chest muscle weight and leg muscle weight of Bashang long-tailed chickens were 0.38 kg,0.39 kg,0.33 kg,0.31 kg,43.50 g and 138.2

关 键 词：林下养殖 坝上长尾鸡 北京油鸡 生产性能 屠宰性能 氨基酸 

分 类 号：S831[农业科学—畜牧学]