从坚持“理学”到接受“哲学”——关于中江兆民对Philosophy译语的立场变化  

From Adherence to“Rigaku”to Acceptance of“Tetsugaku”——On Transformation of Nakae Chomin’s Standpoint on Translation of“Philosophy”

作　　者：林美茂[1] 葛诗嫣 Lin Meimao;Ge Shiyan

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学哲学院,北京100872

出　　处：《清华大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2021年第6期172-184,210,共14页Journal of Tsinghua University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

基　　金：中国人民大学科学研究重大项目“从‘哲学’的接受到‘中国哲学’的诞生”(20XNL020)。

摘　　要：中江兆民是近代日本特立独行的存在,面对明治时期学界流行把philosophy译成"哲学",他却采用东亚传统的"理学"翻译这个来自西学的概念。然而,在他临终前的两部著作中,最终还是接受了"哲学",对自己一生的坚持表现出妥协的姿态。不过,与此同时他留下了"日本无哲学"的断言。中江兆民的"理学"立场,源于他对于汉学的体认与唯物论的哲学倾向所致;而他的妥协,一方面由于他无力改变日本近代的社会以及学界的现实,另一方面则标志着主导东亚两千年的经学地位的终结。此后的东亚学界,源于西方的"哲学"范式成为学术主流,在近代中日乃至东亚学界被人们普遍接受。Nakae Chomin is a maverick existence in modern Japan.He adopted the traditional East Asian wording"Rigaku"(Lixue)to translate"philosophy"instead of translating this concept from Western Learning into"Tetsugaku"(Zhexue)as the popular translation by the academic circles in the Meiji period.However,he finally accepted"Tetsugaku"in his two books before death and showed a compromising attitude towards his lifelong persistence,while at the same time,left the assertion that Japan had no philosophy.In fact,Nakae Chomin’s position of"Rigaku"originated from his understanding of Sinology and the philosophical inclination for materialism and his compromise was due to that he was unable to change the reality of modern Japanese society and academic circles on the one hand,and on the other hand,it was a sign that showed the end of Confucian Classics Studies’(Jingxue’s)position that dominated East Asia for two thousand years.Since then,in East Asian academic circles,the philosophical paradigm derived from the West has become the academic mainstream,and has been generally accepted by people in modern China,Japan and even in East Asian academic circles.

关 键 词：中江兆民 PHILOSOPHY 理学 哲学 

分 类 号：B313.4[哲学宗教—外国哲学] H315.9[语言文字—英语]