大连市青少年网络成瘾现状及影响因素的调查研究  

Prevalence and influencing factors of adolescent internet addiction in Dalian

作　　者：燕春婷 李瑞[2] 王智勇[2] 刘启贵 张红亚 章吉威 王润南 雷芳 宋桂荣 YAN Chun-ting;LI Rui;WANG Zhi-yong;LIU Qi-gui;ZHANG Hong-ya;ZHANG Ji-wei;WANG Run-nan;LEI Fang;SONG Gui-rong(School of Public Health,Dalian Medical University,Dalian,Liaoning 116044,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]大连医科大学公共卫生学院卫生统计学教研室,辽宁大连116044 [2]大连市疾病预防控制中心食品学校卫生所

出　　处：《中国预防医学杂志》2021年第8期634-639,共6页Chinese Preventive Medicine

基　　金：大连市科技创新基金项目(2018J13SN108)。

摘　　要：目的了解大连市青少年网络使用的现状,对网络使用情况进行类型界定并分析不同类型的特点,探究网络成瘾行为的主要影响因素,为预防青少年网络成瘾提供科学依据。方法采用多阶段分层整群抽样法抽取城乡中学生2 614名,对中学生网络使用行为及其影响因素进行问卷调查。结果大连市青少年网络成瘾、网络成瘾倾向报告率分别是3.46%、17.33%;高中生网络成瘾倾向报告率(19.89%)高于初中生(15.70%)(χ^(2)=7.06,P=0.008);农村青少年网络成瘾倾向(19.63%)、网络成瘾(4.81%)报告率均高于城市青少年(14.44%、1.76%)(χ^(2)=11.26,P=0.001;χ^(2)=16.79,P<0.01);非常态家庭中学生网络成瘾报告率(6.15%)高于常态家庭(2.86%)(χ^(2)=11.65,P=0.001);网络成瘾和网络成瘾倾向者报告率较高的症状依次是戒断症状、耐受症状、上网控制障碍,报告率偏低的症状是:逃避行为、否认行为。Logistic回归结果显示,农村(OR=1.29)、高中(OR=1.34)、吸烟(OR=2.55)、饮酒(OR=1.54)、看电视时间长(OR=2.63)、被家长打骂(OR=3.15)、父母文化水平较低(OR=1.00)是网络成瘾行为的主要危险因素(P<0.05)。结论大连市青少年网络成瘾倾向现状不容乐观,戒断、耐受症状和上网控制障碍是网络成瘾行为中学生的主要表现,影响青少年网络成瘾的因素不是单一的,应全方位防控青少年网络成瘾。Objective To understand the internet use and prevalence of internet addiction of teenagers in Dalian, and to discuss the major influencing factors for internet addiction behaviors in order to provide a scientific basis for preventing adolescents from internet addiction. Methods A multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method was used to randomly recruit 2 614 students from middle and high schools in both urban and rural areas of Dalian and a questionnaire survey was conducted to collect information of students′ internet use behavior and its influencing factors were also analyzed. Results The reported rates of internet addiction and internet addiction tendency among adolescents in Dalian were 3.46% and 17.33%.The internet addiction tendency rate was higher among students in high schools than those in middle schools(19.89% vs 15.70%;χ^(2)=7.06, P=0.008).Both the reported rates of internet addiction tendency and internet addiction were higher among students from rural areas than those from urban areas(19.63% vs 14.44%;4.81% vs 1.76%), the differences were statistically significant(χ^(2)=11.26, P=0.001;χ^(2)=16.79, P<0.01).Students from normal families had much lower internet addiction rate compared to those from abnormal families(2.86% vs 6.15%;χ^(2)=11.65, P=0.001).The most common reported symptoms of students with internet addiction and internet addiction tendency were withdrawal symptoms, tolerance symptoms and internet control disorders, while symptoms of avoidance behavior and denial behavior were the two least common ones.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that students from rural areas(OR=1.29),in high school(OR=1.34),smoking(OR=2.55),drinking(OR=1.54),spending longer time watching TV(OR=2.63),being beaten and scolded by parents(OR=3.15)and poor education background of parents(OR=1.00)were found to be major risk factors for internet addiction behavior(P<0.05). Conclusions The internet addiction tendency rate is relatively high among students in middle and high schools in Dalian.Students w

关 键 词：青少年 网络使用 网络成瘾倾向 影响因素 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]