大型船舶平直板零件尺寸柔性测量方法  

Flexible Measurement Method for Size of Straight Plate Parts of Large Ships

作　　者：朱帅臣 习俊通[1] Zhu Shuaichen;Xi Juntong(School of Mechanical Engineering,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai,200240,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学机械与动力工程学院,上海200240

出　　处：《应用激光》2021年第5期1070-1076,共7页Applied Laser

基　　金：工信部船舶智能制造专项资助项目([2016]545号);上海市科学技术委员会资助项目(18511107500)。

摘　　要：传统的船舶平直板材测量利用皮卷尺人工测量,该方法精度低、误差大并且依赖于测量人员的经验。由于平直板切割多为大型板材,因此接触式测量方法无法广泛应用。采用嵌入式线激光视觉传感器结合数控机床,提出大型船舶平直板材柔性测量方法,可以解决上述问题。由线激光视觉传感器扫描板材,通过获取的机床的实时坐标和视觉传感器-机床相对关系标定结果,使得到的点云数据统一在机床坐标系中,通过改进的点云边界轮廓特征提取方法来实现对被测板边界特征的快速准确提取,由边界轮廓点拟合直线并计算尺寸。试验表明,该方法测量板材的尺寸误差小于0.1 mm,重复性精度高于0.2 mm,满足测量要求。Traditional ship flat board measurement uses a leather tape to measure manually. This method has low accuracy, large errors and relies on the experience of the surveyor. Since the cutting of straight plates is mostly large plates, the contact measurement method cannot be widely used. The use of embedded line laser vision sensors combined with numerical control machine tools to propose a method for measuring flat plates of large ships can solve the above problems. The sheet is scanned by the line laser vision sensor, and the obtained real-time coordinates of the machine tool and the calibration result of the relative relationship between the vision sensor and the machine tool are used to unify the measurement results in the machine tool coordinate system, Through the optimized point cloud boundary contour feature extraction method, the rapid and accurate extraction of the boundary features of the measured board is realized, and the straight line is fitted from the boundary contour points and the size is calculated. Experiments show that the measurement error of this method is less than 0.1 mm and the repeatability accuracy is higher than 0.2 mm, which meets the design accuracy requirements.

关 键 词：船舶平直板 线激光测量 柔性测量 点云处理 

分 类 号：TP212[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置] U671[自动化与计算机技术—控制科学与工程]