基于静压轴承的非圆轨迹成型及控制  

Non-circular Trajectory Forming and Control Technology Based on Hydrostatic Bearing

作　　者：詹烁 潘伟[1,2,3] 张艺馨 黄冉 路长厚 ZHAN Shuo;PAN Wei;ZHANG Yi-xin;HUANG Ran;LU Chang-hou(School of Mechanical Engineering,Shandong University,Jinan 250061,China;Key Laboratory of High-efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture of MOE,Shandong University,Jinan 250061,China;National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education,Shandong University,Jinan 250061,China)

机构地区：[1]山东大学机械工程学院,济南250061 [2]山东大学高效洁净机械制造教育部重点实验室,济南250061 [3]山东大学国家级机械工程实验教学示范中心,济南250061

出　　处：《组合机床与自动化加工技术》2021年第12期19-22,26,共5页Modular Machine Tool & Automatic Manufacturing Technique

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51975337);山东省自然科学基金资助项目(ZR2019MEE064)。

摘　　要：为了实现机床的非圆曲面加工,采用了基于主动控制型静压轴承系统的非圆轨迹成型技术。系统由静压轴承和压电薄膜节流器组成,主要原理是通过节流器对静压轴承进油量的主动调节实现主轴的非圆轨迹运动。同时对系统进行动力学建模和参数辨识进而得到了系统模型。通过实验中主轴非圆轨迹的运动,验证了系统模型的有效性。此外,对于该系统在加工中存在的外部扰动进行了分析,从而得到在外部扰动下主轴轨迹的变化情况,最后通过PID控制器对主轴的运动进行调节。仿真结果显示,PID控制器能够较好地对误差进行调节。In order to realize the machining of non-circular surface,a non-circular trajectory forming technology based on active control hydrostatic bearing system is adopted.The system is composed of hydrostatic bearing and piezoelectric membrane restrictors.The basic principle of the system is to realize the non-circular trajectory of the spindle through the active adjustment of the oil intake of hydrostatic bearing by the restrictors.The dynamic modelling and parameters identification of the system are carried out,and then the system model is obtained.The validity of the system model is verified by the non-circular trajectory of the spindle in the experiment.In addition,the external disturbance of the system in the processing was analyzed,so as to get the spindle trajectory under the external disturbance.Finally,the motion of the spindle is adjusted by PID controller.The simulation results show that the PID controller can adjust the motion error.

关 键 词：静压轴承 非圆切削 PID控制器 STM32 

分 类 号：TH137[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TG506[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]