苏州市2所高职院校大学生营养现状及饮食运动情况调查  

Survey on nutritional status,dietary behavior and exercise status of college students in two vocational colleges in Suzhou

作　　者：张雪莹[1] ZHANG Xue-ying(Department of Medical Technology,Suzhou Health and Technology College,Suzhou 215009,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]苏州卫生职业技术学院医技学院,江苏苏州215009

出　　处：《中国校医》2021年第11期F0002-F0002,F0003,879,880,共4页Chinese Journal of School Doctor

基　　金：江苏高校“青蓝工程”资助项目(苏教师〔2019〕3号)。

摘　　要：目的了解大学生营养及饮食运动情况,为制定相应的干预措施提供参考依据。方法采用整群抽样方法,通过自编问卷对苏州市2所高职院校大学生进行现况调查,采用体质指数(BMI)评价大学生的营养状况,根据《中国居民膳食指南2016》中的推荐食物摄入量进行饮食行为评价。结果987名大学生接受了调查,体质指数正常者占68.4%,男生超重/肥胖率(27.3%)高于女生(10.0%),女生消瘦率(20.3%)高于男生(10.9%)。大学生日常食物摄入量总体不足,女生蔬菜、水果摄入量达标率分别为47.9%、39.7%,高于男生的38.2%、30.3%,男生海产品摄入量达标率(15.2%)高于女生(10.6%),仅有61.5%的大学生坚持吃早餐,有9.4%的大学生几乎不运动。运动频率>5次/周者男生(23.6%)高于女生(15.9%),医学生(18.3%)高于非医学生(15.2%),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论大学生整体营养状况尚可,但仍存在营养不平衡、饮食不合理、运动不足情况,需加强大学生的健康教育,改善饮食习惯,增加运动锻炼,以提高大学生的健康水平。Objective To understand the nutritional status,dietary behavior and exercise status of college students,so as to provide the reference for the formulation of corresponding intervention measures.Methods A selfdesigned questionnaire survey was implemented to investigate the current situation of college students in two vocational colleges in Suzhou City.The nutritional status of the college students was evaluated by body mass index(BMI)and the dietary behavior was evaluated according to the recommended food intake in Chinese Dietary Guideline(2016).Results A total of 987 college students were investigated,and the proportion of normal BMI was 68.4%.The rate of overweight/obesity in the boys(27.3%)was higher than that in the girls(10.0%),but the rate of emaciation in the female students(20.3%)was higher than that in the male students(10.9%).The daily food intake was generally insufficient.The standard intake rate of vegetables and fruits in the female students(47.9%and 39.7%)were higher than those in the male students(38.2%and 30.3%),but the intake rate of seafood among the male students(15.2%)was higher than that among the female students(10.6%).Only 61.5%of the participants had breakfast regularly,while 9.4%of the participants hardly took exercises.The frequency of exercises more than 5 times a week in the male students(23.6%)was higher than that in the female students(15.9%),and the frequency in the medical students(18.3%)was higher than that in the nonmedical students(15.2%),and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).Conclusion The overall nutritional status of college students is acceptable,but there are still some problems such as unbalanced nutrition,unreasonable diet and insufficient exercises.Therefore,it is necessary to strengthen the health education in college students,improve their dietary habits and increase their exercises to improve their health level.

关 键 词：高职院校 大学生 营养状况 饮食 运动 

分 类 号：R155[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]