ACTN3基因rs1815739多态性与中国青少年100 m短跑运动员运动能力的关联分析  

Relationship between rs1815739 Polymorphism of ACTN3 Gene and Athletic Ability in Chinese Youth 100 m Sprinters

作　　者：陈文佳[1] 章碧玉[2] 李燕春[2] 梁泽敬 CHENWenjia;ZHANG Biyu;LI Yanchun;LIANG Zejing(China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221116,China;Beijing Sport University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学,江苏徐州221116 [2]北京体育大学,北京100084

出　　处：《中国体育科技》2021年第12期23-28,共6页China Sport Science and Technology

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2017sys001)。

摘　　要：目的:探讨我国青少年和优秀成年100 m短跑运动员ACTN3基因rs1815739多态位点基因型和等位基因频率分布的差异性,分析rs1815739多态位点与青少年100 m短跑运动员运动能力的关联性,并检验该位点作为分子标记在我国优秀100 m短跑运动员科学选材中应用的可行性。方法:选取102名青少年(12~17岁,二级运动员及以上)和68名优秀成年(年龄≥18岁,一级运动员及以上)100 m短跑运动员(均为北方汉族),采用飞行时间质谱和PCR-RFLP技术解析rs1815739多态位点,分析比较其与206名我国北方汉族普通大学生基因型分布特征。采集青少年运动员部分速度/爆发力素质测试数据,分析该位点与青少年100 m短跑运动员速度/爆发力素质指标的关联性。结果:1)青少年运动员组和优秀运动员组与对照组在rs1815739多态性位点基因型和等位基因频率分布上均有显著性差异(P<0.05),RR基因频率分别为48.0%、52.9%和30.6%,R等位基因频率分别为71.32%、68.14%和56.07%,运动员两组间基因型和等位基因频率分布无显著性差异(χ^(2)=0.399,P=0.819);2)青少年运动员组与对照组RR/XX OR=2.463(95%CI:1.17,5.21),RR/(RX+XX)OR=2.099(95%CI:1.29,3.42);优秀运动员组与对照组RR/XX OR=3.102(95%CI:1.26,7.66),RR/(RX+XX)OR=2.554(95%CI:1.46,4.47),运动员两组间3种基因型优势比较均无显著性差异(P>0.05);3)青少年运动员组中RR基因型30 m、60 m、100 m、立定跳远、立定三级跳远和后抛2 kg实心球测试成绩均显著优于XX基因型(P<0.05)。结论:我国青少年及优秀成年100 m短跑运动员在ACTN3基因rs1815739多态位点基因型和等位基因频率分布上存在一致性特点,该位点多态性与我国优秀青少年和优秀成人100 m短跑运动员速度和爆发力素质存在显著关联,RR基因型可作为我国该项目优秀运动员选材分子标记,但仍需扩大杰出运动员的样本量,进一步验证其科学性和可行性。Objective:To explore the differences between the genotype and allele frequency dis-tribution of the ACTN3 gene rs1815739 polymorphic locus in Chinese youth and excellent adult 100 m sprinters,and to analyze the association between the rs1815739 polymorphic locus and the athletic ability of young 100 m sprinters.Testing the feasibility of using this locus as a mo-lecular marker in the scientific selection of excellent 100 m sprinters in China.Methods:Select 102 young people(12 to 17 years old,national level 2 and above)and 68 outstanding adults(age over 18 years,national level 1 and above)100 m sprinters(all north Han nationality),using time-of-flight mass spectrometry and PCR-RFLP technology to analyze the rs1815739 polymor-phic locus,analyzing and comparing its genotype distribution characteristics with 206 ordinary Han nationality college students in northern China,collecting some speed/explosive quality test data of young athletes,and analyzing the locus correlation with the speed/explosive quality index of young 100 m sprinters.Results:1)There were significant differences in the rs1815739 polymorphism site genotype and allele frequency distribution among the young athlete group and the excellent athlete group and the control group(P<0.05),the RR gene frequencies were 48.0%,52.9%and 30.6%respectively,the R allele frequencies were 71.32%,68.14%and 56.07%respectively.There was no significant difference in the genotype and allele frequency distribution between the two groups of athletes(χ^(2)=0.399,P=0.819).2)Young athlete group and control group RR/XX OR=2.463(95%CI:1.17,5.21),RR/(RX+XX)OR=2.099(95%CI:1.29,3.42);excellent athlete group and control group RR/XX OR=3.102(95%CI:1.26,7.66),RR/(RX+XX)OR=2.554(95%CI:1.46,4.47),there was no significant difference in the com-parison of the three genotype advantages between the two groups of athletes difference(P>0.05).3)The RR genotype in the young athletes group was significantly better than the XX gen-otype in the test results of 30 m,60 m,100 m,standing long jump,sta

关 键 词：ACTN3基因 短跑 等位基因 运动员选材 

分 类 号：G804.2[文化科学—运动人体科学]