经过“自然”确证的“合宜感”——从斯多葛派到斯密的一种理解进路  

The Sense of Propriety Granted by the Nature——An Approach to Understanding the Relationship between the Stoics and Smith

作　　者：吕湛春 Lv Zhanchun

机构地区：[1]南京大学政府管理学院

出　　处：《政治思想史》2021年第4期90-106,198,共18页Journal of the History of Political Thought

摘　　要：斯密在第六版《道德情操论》中对斯多葛派的处理具有相当的矛盾性。一方面,斯密在人性预设和道德观等方面的确采用了斯多葛派的观点;另一方面,斯密在该书第七卷中对斯多葛学派进行了猛烈而彻底的批判。从自然论的角度来回应这一矛盾,同时拒绝将斯密理解为一个纯粹的自然神论者,能够相对完善地解决该矛盾。具体来说,斯密与斯多葛派的一致性在于两者都将"自然"看作人类社会的前提条件,该前提性体现在其"设计论"与"目的论"两个意义上。但在此基础上,斯密为人的能动性留下了空间。Smith’s attitudes towards the Stoics were quite contradictory in the sixth edition of The Theory of Moral Sentiments.On the one hand,Smith did adopt the points of the Stoics on human nature and morality;on the other hand,in the book,he criticized those arguments of the Stoics in the seventh part.Responding to the contradiction from the perspective naturalism with the refusal of totally regarding Smith as a deist is a comparatively thorough way to solve this problem.Specifically speaking,the consistency between Smith and the Stoics is that both of them regarded Nature as the prerequisite of the whole society,and this prerequisite is reflected in two aspects:design theory and teleology.But on this basis,Smith gave the space for human’s initiative.

关 键 词：自然观 合宜感 亚当·斯密 斯多葛派 

分 类 号：B82-02[哲学宗教—伦理学]