高速公路雾天车路协同系统视觉分心影响  

Visual Distraction Effect of Connected Vehicle System Under Foggy Condition on the Freeway Based on Driver's Visual Characteristics

作　　者：胡敦利[1] 冯笑凡 赵晓华[2] 陈雨菲 付强[2] HU Dunli;FENG Xiaofan;ZHAO Xiaohua;CHEN Yufei;FU Qiang(College of Electrical and Control Engineering,North China University of Technology,Beijing 100144,China;Beijing Engineering Research Center of Urban Transport Operation Guarantee,Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 100124,China)

机构地区：[1]北方工业大学电气与控制工程学院,北京100144 [2]北京工业大学北京市城市交通运行保障工程技术研究中心,北京100124

出　　处：《北京工业大学学报》2022年第1期58-68,共11页Journal of Beijing University of Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFB1600500)。

摘　　要：基于人机界面(human machine interface,HMI)的联网车辆技术对提高雾天高速公路整体安全水平具有重要作用,但其对驾驶人注意力的影响不容忽视.分析驾驶人视觉特性,评估车路协同人机交互系统的分心影响程度,基于驾驶模拟技术搭建高速公路车路协同系统实验测试平台,针对大雾、强浓雾2种能见度水平,以及有、无HMI提示2种技术等级设计4种实验场景,AttenD面积、单位时间AttenD面积和分心状态占比量化评估自行设计的HMI在不同条件下对驾驶人造成的视觉分心影响程度.结果表明,有HMI提示会导致驾驶人AttenD数据波动频次增加且幅度更加剧烈;技术等级主要影响AttenD面积和单位时间AttenD面积,即在有HMI情况下能见度水平对驾驶人视觉分心影响程度有显著影响;有HMI提示会使驾驶人视觉分心的占比明显上升,对道路交通安全产生一定的负面影响.为提高人机界面的使用安全性,可针对不同的天气条件对所有人机界面实施评估及优化.同时,研究结果为评价车路协同系统人机交互界面的效能提供了一般性的评价方法.The technology of connected vehicles based on human machine interface(HMI)plays an important role in improving the overall safety level of fog highway,however,its influence on the driver's attention cannot be ignored.This paper analyzed the driver's visual characteristics,evaluated the degree of distracted influence of the HMI,which is based on connected vehicle system,built the freeway connected vehicle experiment platform based on the driving simulation technology,designed four experimental scenarios for two visibility levels of light fog and heavy fog,and two technical levels of with and without HMI prompts,and quantified the AttenD area,the AttenD area per unit time and the proportion of distracted to evaluate the visual load of the self-designed HMI on the driver under different conditions.Results show that the driver's attend data will fluctuate more frequently and more violently under the condition of HMI prompt.The technical level mainly affects the attend area and the attend area per unit time,that is,the visibility level has a significant impact on the driver's visual distraction with HMI.With HMI prompt,the proportion of the driver's visual distraction will increase significantly,which will have a certain negative impact on road traffic safety.To improve the safety of using HMI,all HMI should be evaluated and optimized according to different weather conditions.At the same time,the research results provide a general evaluation method for evaluating the effectiveness of HMI of connected vehicle system.

关 键 词：雾天高速公路 车路协同 人机交互 预警系统 视觉分心 AttenD算法 

分 类 号：U491.2[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]