黄道周政治教化思想的工具与目的阐论  

On the Tool and Purpose of Huang Daozhou's Political and Educational Thought

作　　者：蔡杰 CAI Jie(Department of Philosophy,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学哲学系,北京100084

出　　处：《厦门理工学院学报》2021年第6期64-71,共8页Journal of Xiamen University of Technology

基　　金：山东大学人文社会科学重大研究项目(18RWZD08)。

摘　　要：晚明大儒黄道周的《缁衣集传》,对儒家政治教化思想中工具与目的的关系有详细的论述。在黄道周看来,礼乐制度是使“民有孙心”的正确工具,政治刑赏须在礼乐制度下运行。而礼乐之所以能运行,背后需有美德教化作为支撑,因为君主的德行是众善所归,众善归于君子之德正是民有孙心的体现。黄道周认为这是民众的一种政治需求,即君主须具有德行才能获得民众的信任。“民有孙心”既是黄道周政教思想的教化目的,同时也是通往终极目的——达到易简之政的工具。易简的道理运用于政治运作中,就是达到上下易事易知、明朗通透,不需求助于烦难的政治手段,反映了黄道周在面临晚明时期君民上下隔绝的问题时所作出的思考与应对方案。The Ziyi Jizhuan by Huang Daozhou,a great Confucian in the late Ming Dynasty,has a detailed discussion on the relationship between tools and purposes in Confucian political and educational thought.In Huang Daozhou's view,the ritual and music system is the right tool to develop the obedient heart of the people that the political punishment and reward must operate under it,and its operation needs support of virtue education because the monarch's virtue is the consummation of all good and the embodiment of the people's obedient heart.He believes that it is a political demand of the people that the monarch must have virtue to win the trust of the people.People having the obedient heart is not only the educational purpose of his political and educational thought,but to him also a tool to the ultimate goal of an easy and simple governance,which represents easy access for knowledge and clear and transparent political operations that requires no sophisticated means of politics.All this reflects Huang's thinking and solution to the isolation he faces between the monarch and the people in the late Ming Dynasty.

关 键 词：黄道周 政治教化思想 工具 目的 《缁衣》 

分 类 号：B248[哲学宗教—中国哲学]