悬停状态双旋翼气动干扰与安全间隔研究  

Research on aerodynamic interaction and safety separation of twin rotors under hovering state

作　　者：刘聪 谌哲宇 储天羽 高晟智 董宇炜 LIU Cong;CHEN Zheyu;CHU Tianyu;GAO Shengzhi;DONG Yuwei(School of Air Traffic Management,Civil Aviation University of China,Tianjin 300300,China)

机构地区：[1]中国民航大学空中交通管理学院,天津300300

出　　处：《中国安全生产科学技术》2021年第12期30-36,共7页Journal of Safety Science and Technology

基　　金：中央高校基本科研项目(3122018C034)。

摘　　要：为了保证旋翼无人机编队飞行时的安全性,探究双旋翼间的气动干扰作用,采用计算流体力学仿真的方法,研究悬停状态下不同间隔的双旋翼流场干涉特征和气动参数变化。首先通过单旋翼实验和数值结果对比,验证数值方法的有效性;然后分析不同间隔双旋翼流场干涉的截面速度分布和涡量分布特征;最后讨论双旋翼作用下间隔对气动参数的影响。研究结果表明:气动干扰主要影响2#旋翼的流场特征和气动参数;当两旋翼无横向间隔时,流场可保持对称性,气动力变化主要表现为拉力和扭矩的降低;当横向间隔0.5D≤X≤1.0D时,2#旋翼速度场和涡量场扩散范围受限,其流场出现明显非对称特征;在X=0.5D且1.0D≤Z≤3.0D间隔时2#旋翼受到显著俯仰力矩作用,为悬停较危险区域。In order to ensure the safety in the formation flight of rotor unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)and explore the aerodynamic interaction effect between twin rotors,the flow field interference characteristics and aerodynamic parameters variation of twin rotors with different separations under the hovering state were studied by using the computational fluid dynamics(CFD)simulation method.Firstly,the effectiveness of numerical method was validated by comparing the experimental results of single rotor with the numerical results.Secondly,the cross-section velocity and vorticity distribution characteristics of flow field interference for twin rotors with different separations were analyzed.Finally,the influence of separation on the aerodynamic parameters of twin rotors was discussed.The results showed that the aerodynamic interaction mainly affected the flow field characteristics and aerodynamic parameters of 2#rotor.When there was no lateral separation between twin rotors,the flow field could maintain symmetry,and the aerodynamic force variation mainly represented as the reduction of tensile force and torque.The diffusion range of velocity field and vorticity field of 2#rotor was limited for the lateral separation 0.5D≤X≤1.0D,and the flow field presented the obvious asymmetric characteristic.The 2#rotor was affected by the significant effect of pitching moment for the separation of X=0.5D and 1.0D≤Z≤3.0D,where was a more dangerous area for hovering.

关 键 词：无人机 旋翼 悬停 安全间隔 气动干扰 俯仰力矩 

分 类 号：X949[环境科学与工程—安全科学]