先秦名家发展消亡考  

An Investigation of the Development and Extinction of pre-Qin Masters

作　　者：龙世行 陈必应 LONG Shixing;CHEN Biying

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学文学院,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《湖南广播电视大学学报》2021年第4期40-46,共7页Journal of Hunan Radio and Television University

摘　　要：名家虽在先秦有所发展,然而最终不可避免地走向消亡,原因包括内因和外因。从内因看:在学派立意上专门治术,缺乏思想建构,导致其学派从一开始就缺乏有效的思想文化输出;在学说内容上苛察缴绕、言意相离,使得其学说难以在社会民众间广为传播;在学派内部学说分化、各持一端,使得名家学说多显支离、难成系统。从外因看:群体构成上的特殊属性与浮泛无根决定了名家组织上的松散;在复杂的政治环境中面临发展困境,其学说在大争之世中难以发展,难免被黜废的命运;先秦之后其他诸家学说相互吸收发展以保持学派的生命力,而名家难以顺应时代发展,因而被历史淘汰。Although the masters developed in the pre-Qin period,they inevitably died out in the end,and the reasons for their demise included internal and external causes.From the internal point of view,the lack of construction of the school’s special governance leads to the lack of effective ideological and cultural output from the beginning.In the content of the doctrine,the strict observation of the devious,the separation of words and meanings makes it difficult for the doctrine to be widely spread among the masses.The theory differentiation within the school makes the famous school theory more obviously fragmented and difficult to form a system.From the external point of view,the special attribute of the group composition and the floating rootlessness determine the loose situation of the famous organization and the floating rootlessness of the school;The dilemma of development and the fate of dethroning in the political environment make it difficult for the theory of famous scholars to develop in the world of great controversy and avoid the fate of dethroning.After the pre-Qin period,various schools absorbed and developed each other in order to maintain the vitality of the school.However,the famous schools could not adapt to the development of the times,so they were eliminated by history.

关 键 词：名家 公孙龙 邓析 诸子百家 

分 类 号：B225[哲学宗教—中国哲学]