甘薯育种创制品种多样性比较鉴定试 验  

Comparison and Identification Test of Diversity of Varieties in the Creation of Sweet Potato Breeding

作　　者：张雄坚[1] 陈景益[1] 邹宏达 黄立飞[1] 王章英[1] 罗忠霞[1] 陈新亮[1] 房伯平[1] ZHANG Xiongjian;CHEN Jingyi;ZOU Hongda;HUANG Lifei;WANG Zhangying;LUO Zhongxia;CHEN Xinliang;FANG Boping(Crops Research Institute,Guangdong Academy of Agricaltural Sciences/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Crops Genetics&Improvement,Guangzhou 510640,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省农业科学院作物研究所/广东省农作物遗传改良重点实验室,广东广州510640

出　　处：《广东农业科学》2021年第12期64-73,共10页Guangdong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CAR-10-B03-2021,CAR-10-C15-2021);广东省现代农业产业技术体系创新团队项目(2021KJ111)。

摘　　要：【目的】2020年甘薯育种创制中,从实生苗选种至复选试验,选择升级的鲜食品系参加田间品种比较试验,为广东省、国家(南方)区试及生产示范、开发利用提供多样性专用型品种。【方法】选择从复选中升级的50个试验品系,分花青素(紫色)、胡萝卜素、优质淀粉3个类别品系开展田间品种比较试验。每类别各品系按随机区组排列,3次重复。收获期对茎叶和薯块基本特征特性进行观察鉴定,记录结薯性,测定鲜薯产量、薯块干物率、鲜薯淀粉、胡萝卜素和花青素含量,评价薯块蒸熟食味。【结果】从参试的胡萝卜素类别甘薯品系中筛选出2个品系,其中广薯18-10属多薯、优质高产类型,广薯18-62属短蔓、胡萝卜素含量特高类型。从优质淀粉类别甘薯品系中筛选出4个品系,广薯18-28、广薯18-114、广薯18-126及广薯18-111分属结薯性好、高产、淀粉含量高及茎叶紫色4个类型,另有3个品系(17-111、18-91、18-127)引入资源圃保存,作为品质特优材料类型利用。从花青素类别甘薯品系中筛选出6个品系,广薯18-70、广薯18-82、广薯18-79、广薯18-46、广薯17-156及广薯18-57分属薯块美观、特优、花青素特异、高产、淀粉含量特高、茎叶菜用6个类型,另有4个品系(17-175、18-40、18-88、18-106)引入资源圃保存,作为紫薯优质材料利用。【结论】品种比较试验鉴定为进一步开展甘薯品种选育鉴定及开发、生产示范利用提供了丰富的专用型品种类型。【Objective】During the creation of sweet potato breeding in 2020,from the selected seedlings to the reselection test,the upgraded fresh-eating strains were selected to participate in the field variety comparison test so as to provide diversified special varieties for provincial and national(southern)regional trials,production demonstration,development and utilization.【Method】Select the 50 test strains upgraded from the selection test were selected and comparison test was conducted based on three categories:anthocyanin(purple),carotene and high-quality starch.In each category,the strains were arranged according to random blocks and repeated three times.During the harvest period,the basic characteristics of stems,leaves and roots were observed and identified,the root setting ability was recorded,the yield of fresh roots,the dry matter rate of roots,the contents of fresh root starch,carotene and anthocyanin were measured,and the taste of steamed roots was evaluated.【Result】In the carotene category,two lines were selected and upgraded,of which Guangshu 18-10 belonged to the type with multi-roots,high quality and high yield,and Guangshu 18-62 belonged to the type with short vine and ultra-high carotene.In the high-quality starch category,four lines were selected and upgraded,Guangshu 18-28,Guangshu 18-114,Guangshu 18-126 and Guangshu 18-111 belonged to four types:good root setting,high yield,high starch content and purple stems and leaves.Three other strains(17-111,18-91 and 18-127)were conserved in the resource nursery and used as high-quality materials.Six lines were selected from the anthocyanin sweet potato lines,including Guangshu 18-70,Guangshu 18-82,Guangshu 18-79,Guangshu 18-46,Guangshu 17-156 and Guangshu 18-57,which belonged to six types:beautiful root,excellent taste,anthocyanin specific,high yield,super high starch content and stem and leaf vegetables,and another four lines(17-175,18-40,18-88,18-106)were introduced into the resource nursery for conservation and used as high-quality purple sweet

关 键 词：甘薯 花青素 胡萝卜素 淀粉 比较 鉴定 

分 类 号：S531[农业科学—作物学]