体外产气法评价不同青贮添加剂处理下汽爆玉米秸秆品质  

Quality evaluation on steam-exploded corn straw fermented with different additives by in vitro gas production

作　　者：高雪梅 焦婷[1] 雷赵民[2] 赵生国[2] 李雄雄 秦伟娜 GAO Xue-mei;JIAO Ting;LEI Zhao-min;ZHAO Sheng-guo;LI Xiong-xiong;QIN Wei-na(College of Pratacultural Science,Gansu Agricultural University,Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecology System,Ministry of Education,Sino-U.S.Centers for Grazing land Ecosystem Sustainability,Lanzhou 730070,China;College of Animal Science and Technology,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学草业学院,草业生态系统教育部重点实验室,甘肃省草业工程实验室,中-美草地畜牧业可持续发展研究中心,甘肃兰州730070 [2]甘肃农业大学动物科学技术学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《草原与草坪》2021年第6期30-36,共7页Grassland and Turf

基　　金：玉米秸秆饲用化汽爆破壁发酵关键技术研究示范项目(20180408);甘肃省现代草食畜产业技术体系(GARS-CS-4)农业部公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201003019,201503134和201303059);现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-40-09B)。

摘　　要：为评价不同青贮添加剂处理对汽爆玉米秸秆饲用价值的影响,采用体外产气法并结合扫描电镜,对比添加剂Sila-max(MAX)、Sila-mix(MIX)、纤维活性菌(活性菌)以及空白(CK)处理的汽爆玉米秸秆微观结构、体外消化率及瘤胃发酵特性。结果表明:添加剂组体外48 h累积产气量显著高于CK组(P<0.05);MAX组体外干物质消化率(DMD)、中性洗涤纤维消化率(NDFD)最高,分别达51.59%、31.06%,MIX组体外酸性洗涤纤维消化率(ADFD)最高,达31.50%,不同处理间均无显著差异(P>0.05);MAX组体外挥发性脂肪酸(TVFA)含量最高,与其他处理组差异显著(P<0.05);不同处理下NH_(3)-N浓度、pH均在瘤胃适宜的范围内;MIX组微生物蛋白(MCP)含量最高,与MAX组无显著差异(P>0.05),二者与其他处理组差异显著(P<0.05);通过扫描电镜观察,加入添加剂对秸秆纤维结构有明显破坏作用。综上,不同添加剂对汽爆玉米秸秆的作用不同,其中MAX处理的汽爆玉米秸秆产气效果较好,可推广使用。This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different additives on the feeding value of steam-exploded corn straw.The microstructure,in vitro digestibility and rumen fermentation characteristics of steam-exploded corn straw,treated with different additives including Sila-max(MAX),Sila-mix(MIX)and Fiber active bacteria(Active bacteria)together with without any additives as the blank(CK),were analyzed using SEM and in vitro gas production method.The results showed that the cumulative gas production at 48 hours in all additive treatments were significantly greater than in CK(P<0.05).DMD and NDFD in MAX group were the greatest,reaching 51.59%and 31.06%respectively.ADFD in MIX group was 31.50%,but did not differ between CK and other group.TVFA in MAX group were significantly higher than that in the other groups(P<0.05).NH_(3)-N and pH were in normal range of rumen for all treatments.MCP content in MIX group was the greatest and did not differ significantly from that in MAX group,while significantly differed from that in the other treatments(P<0.05).SEM results showed that additives could obviously damage the structure of straw fiber.In conclusion,different additives had different effects on steam exploded corn straw.Sila-max(MAX)treatment had better gas production and fermentation parameters,which could be used widely in silage practice.

关 键 词：青贮添加剂 汽爆玉米秸秆 体外产气 扫描电镜 消化特性 

分 类 号：S816.53[农业科学—饲料科学]