三种学制医学研究生科研训练与临床实践现状分析  

Analysis of Integrating Training in Scientific Research and Clinical Practice among Current Medical Postgraduates of Three Academic Systems

作　　者：徐浩杰 王璐[1,3] 刘明娟 赵丽丹[1] XU Haojie;WANG Lu;LIU Mingjuan;ZHAO Lidan(Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology,Peking Union Medical College Hospital,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical College,Beijing 100730,China;Graduate School,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical College,Beijing 100730,China;Eight-year System of Clinical Medicine Program,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical College,Beijing 100730,China;“4+4”M.D.Program,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical College,Beijing 100730,China)

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院北京协和医院风湿免疫科,北京100730 [2]中国医学科学院北京协和医学院研究生院,北京100730 [3]中国医学科学院北京协和医学院,北京100730

出　　处：《协和医学杂志》2022年第1期66-73,共8页Medical Journal of Peking Union Medical College Hospital

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81771763,82071840);中国医学科学院医学与健康科技创新工程基金(2020⁃I2M⁃C&T⁃B⁃013)。

摘　　要：目的了解不同学制医学研究生的科研训练与临床实践情况,分析各学制在医学博士培养模式上的优势与不足,以期为未来医学教育规划、调整、改革提供参考。方法采用问卷调查与个别访谈相结合的方法,收集北京协和医学院临床学院(北京协和医院)2021年临床医学专业高年级研究生,包括传统学制博士生(2018级博士生,2016级直博、转博生),2013级临床医学八年制本-博连读博士生,2018年和2019年入学的“4+4”试点班博士生科研训练与临床实践相关资料,进行分析、总结。结果共收集有效问卷55份,其中传统学制博士生33份(60.0%),临床医学八年制本-博连读博士生15份(27.3%),“4+4”试点班博士生7份(12.7%)。11人愿意接受访谈,包括6名传统学制博士生,3名临床医学八年制本-博连读博士生,2名“4+4”试点班博士生。传统学制博士生、临床医学八年制本-博连读博士生、“4+4”试点班博士生中毕业后拟投身于临床工作的比率分别为97.0%、93.3%、71.4%。关于科研动力,84.8%的传统学制博士生认为是源于事业发展需求,临床医学八年制本-博连读博士生持同样观点者占比53.3%,“4+4”试点班博士生为57.1%。科研训练中,传统学制博士生面临的最主要问题为研究设计能力弱(60.6%),临床医学八年制本-博连读博士生(73.3%)与“4+4”试点班博士生(71.4%)则主要为缺乏充足的科研时间。对当前科研状态感到满意或享受者的占比在“4+4”试点班博士生中最高(57.1%),其次为传统学制博士生(39.4%),临床医学八年制本-博连读博士生最低(26.7%);对科研产出满意者在传统学制博士生中占比最高(54.5%),其次为“4+4”试点班博士生(42.9%),临床医学八年制本-博连读博士生最低(33.3%)。传统学制博士生、临床医学八年制本-博连读博士生、“4+4”试点班博士生每周科研时间投入>20 h者的比率分别是63.7%、26.7%和14.3%,每�Objective To explore the situation of training in scientific research and clinical practice among medical postgraduates of different academic systems,analyze the advantages and shortcomings of each academic system in the mode of training medical postgraduates,and provide reference for future planning,adjustment and reform to medical education.Methods Using the methods of questionnaires and individual interviews,information from senior graduate students in clinical medicine at the School of Clinical Medicine,Peking Union Medical College(Peking Union Medical College Hospital)in 2021 were collected.These participants included doctoral students in the traditional master-doctor system(TMD)from the 2018 doctoral class and 2016 direct and transfer class,graduates of class 2021 from eight-year program of clinical medicine(8YCM),and medical students from the new academic“4+4”pilot class(NAPC)entering in 2018 and 2019.Their information about research training and clinical practice was summarized and analyzed.Results A total of 55 valid questionnaires were collected,including 33(60.0%)from TMD,15(27.3%)from 8YCM,and 7(12.7%)from NAPC.Eleven people were willing to be interviewed,including 6 from TMD,3 from 8YCM,and 2 from NAPC.97.0%,93.3%,and 71.4% of participants from TMD,8YCM and NAPC respectively planned to commit to clinical work upon graduation.Regarding motivation for scientific research,84.8% of TMD students believed that the drive was the needs of career development.53.3% of 8YCM and 57.1%of NAPC students held the same view.During the training in scientific research,the main problem faced by TMD students was their weakness in scientific research design(60.6%)while 8YCM and NAPC students claimed that their main problem was the insufficiency of time for scientific research(73.3%,71.4%).The proportion of those who were satisfied with or enjoyed the current status of scientific research was the highest among NAPC students(57.1%),followed by TMD students(39.4%)and 8YCM students(26.7%).The proportion of those who were

关 键 词：医学研究生 科研训练 临床实践 医学人才 

分 类 号：R736.1[医药卫生—肿瘤] G420[医药卫生—临床医学]