中国情境下性别与管理阶层对员工领导力感知的影响  

Leadership Perceptions as a Function of Gender-Management Level Combinations in China

作　　者：周乘旭 于桂兰[2] ZHOU Cheng-xu;YU Gui-lan(School of Business,Jilin University,Changchun 130012,China;Center for Quantitative Economics,Jilin University,Changchun 130012,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学商学院,长春130012 [2]吉林大学数量经济研究中心,长春130012

出　　处：《哈尔滨工业大学学报（社会科学版）》2022年第1期153-160,共8页Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“劳动关系各方的利益、角色、行动模式与互动机制研究”(16AZD013)。

摘　　要：为了应对迅速变化的全球环境和新型冠状病毒疫情时代的企业危机,组织需要管理团队的性别多样性。为了了解中国企业员工领导力感知的现状以及探索领导者可能的行为模式,基于领导力感知联结模型,通过对141名被试者进行了问卷调查,考察了性别和管理阶层两种情境因素对中国企业员工领导力感知的交互作用。结果显示,员工对女性管理者的领导力感知整体上低于男性管理者,但领导力感知的性别差异在中基层管理者中不显著。对于典型的领导原型,男性和女性高层管理者共同激活了个人品德特质;男性中基层管理者激活了目标有效性和人际能力特质;女性中基层管理者激活了目标有效性和才能多面性特质。该研究对领导选拔、评估和开发具有实践指导意义。In response to the rapidly changing global environment and at a time of business crisis management during COVID-19 pandemic,leadership gender diversity is required in organizations.Based on the connectionist model of leadership perception,this study did an online survey involving 141 participants and investigated the joint effects of two contextual constraints:gender and management level on employees'leadership perceptions in China in order to find out the current employees'perception of their leaders and explore suitable prototypes for the leadership.Our empirical results showed that on average,female managers were rated lower than male managers,while lower-level managers showed little difference in leadership perceptions by gender.For leadership prototypes,both male and female higher-level managers activated personal morality.Male lower-level managers activated goal effectiveness and interpersonal competency,and female lower-level managers activated goal effectiveness and versatility.This study provides practical guidance in leadership selection,appraisal,and development.

关 键 词：内隐领导理论 领导力感知 性别 管理阶层 领导原型 

分 类 号：F272.[经济管理—企业管理]