2020年北京市房山区食源性腹泻监测病例病原学分析  

Etiological analysis on surveillance cases of food-borne diarrhea in Fangshan District of Beijing in 2020

作　　者：张冬然[1] 黄少平[1] 李爱军[1] 赵霞[1] 周彦明[1] 张福全[1] ZHANG Dong-ran;HUANG Shao-ping;LI Ai-jun;ZHAO Xia;ZHOU Yan-ming;ZHANG Fu-quan(Nutrition and Food Hygiene Department,Fangshan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing,102488,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市房山区疾病预防控制中心营养与食品卫生科,北京102488

出　　处：《职业与健康》2021年第24期3349-3351,3356,共4页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的分析2020年北京市房山区食源性腹泻监测病例病原体分布特征及变化趋势,为房山区食源性疾病防控提供病原学依据。方法对2020年北京市房山区食源性腹泻患者进行描述流行病学分析。结果监测病例250例,检出阳性菌毒株78株,总阳性率为31.20%,弯曲菌和诺如病毒检出率较高,分别为12.80%和10.96%,不同种类病原体检出率比较差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=38.254,P<0.05);致病菌检出率在第三季度最高为31.58%,病毒检出率在第一季度最高为46.67%,不同季节副溶血弧菌检出率比较差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=8.892,P<0.05);肉及肉制品是主要的可疑暴露食品,其次为蔬菜类及其制品。结论2020年北京市房山区食源性疾病主要感染病原体为弯曲菌和诺如病毒,应加强监测,针对重点病原体、重点人群开展健康宣教,做好食源性疾病防控。Objective To analyze the pathogens distribution characteristics and change trends of food-borne diarrhea in Fangshan District of Beijing in 2020,provide etiological basis for food-borne diseases prevention and control in Fangshan District.Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis was performed on patients with food-borne diarrhea in Fangshan District of Beijing in 2020.Results A total of 250 cases were monitored,78 bacterial and virus strains were detected,with the positive rate of 31.20%.The highest detection rate was Campylobacter(12.80%)and norovirus(10.96%).There was statistically significant difference in the detection rate of different pathogens(χ^(2)=38.254,P<0.05).The highest detection rate of bacterial pathogens was in the third quarter(31.58%),and the highest detection rate of virus was in the first quarter(46.67%).There was statistically significant difference in the detection rate of Vibrio parahaemolyticus among different seasons(χ^(2)=8.892,P<0.05).The main types of suspicious exposed food were meat and meat products,followed by vegetables and their products.Conclusion The main pathogens of food-borne disease in Fangshan District of Beijing in 2020 are Campylobacter and norovirus.It is necessary to strengthen the surveillance and carry out the health education for key pathogens and key populations,so as to improve the prevention and control of food-borne diseases.

关 键 词：食源性疾病 病原体 监测 

分 类 号：R155.3[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]