谁改变了工作时间——有关工时的劳动社会学研究  

Who Changed Working Hours:A Labor Sociology Study of Working Hours

作　　者：赵炜[1] Jens Thoemmes Zhao Wei;Jens Thoemmes

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学社会学院,北京100875 [2]法国图卢兹第二大学

出　　处：《中国社会科学评价》2021年第4期16-26,155,共12页China Social Science Review

摘　　要：近30年来,关于工时问题的讨论一直没有停止。对西方文献的回顾发现,标准化的工时制度随着工业化的发展,在技术进步、工人运动、国家干预和管理改善等多重因素的作用下形成。所谓的“标准”在实践中充斥着多种变数。20世纪80年代以后,随着后工业社会的到来,灵活化的工作时间逐渐替代了标准化工时在全球通行,几乎影响到所有行业和不同类型的劳动者。除了经济全球化、政府规制减少和工会力量削弱等因素外,技术进步、工作组织结构变迁,以及由此带来的管理和控制方式的变化,成为工作时间变迁的重要因素。这也激发劳动社会学从工作时间角度对雇佣关系、新业态经济和社会政策的关注,扩展了劳动社会学的研究领域。The last thirty years have seen lots of discussions on the issue of working hours.A review of the Western literature shows that the system of standard working hours took shape as industrialization developed,spurred by multiple factors:technological advances,working-class movements,state intervention and improvements in management.In practice,the"standard"hours were affected by many variables.With the worldwide advent of post-industrial society from the 1980s on,standard working hours were gradually replaced by flexible working hours,affecting almost all industries.and different types of workers.Important factors in.the evolution of working hours include not only economic globalization,government deregulation and the weakening of trade unions,but also technological progress,structural alterations to work organization,and the resulting changes in management and methods of control.This is also behind labor sociology's attention to employment relations,the economy of new retail formats,and social policies seen in the light of working hours.All this has expanded the research fields of labor sociology.

关 键 词：工作时间 工时制度 标准化工时 灵活化工时 劳动社会学 

分 类 号：C976.1[经济管理—劳动经济]