镰刀菌及其伏马毒素的危害和防控  

Hazards and Control of Fusarium spp.and Its Metabolites Fumonisins

作　　者：郭志青 张霞 刁立功 许曼琳[1] 于静 李莹 何康 宋新颖 王维婷[3] 迟玉成[1] Guo Zhiqing;Zhang Xia;Diao ligong;Xu Manlin;Yu Jing;Li Ying;He Kang;Song Xinying;Wang Weiting;Chi Yucheng(Shandong Peanut Research Institute,Qingdao 266100,China;Muping District Agricultural Technology Extension Center of Yantai City,Yantai 264100,China;Institute of Agro-Food Science and Technology,Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong Province/Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing,Ministry of Agriculture,Jinan 250100,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省花生研究所,山东青岛266100 [2]烟台市牟平区农业技术推广中心,山东烟台264100 [3]山东省农业科学院农产品加工与营养研究所/山东省农产品精深加工技术重点实验室/农业部新食品资源加工重点实验室,山东济南250100

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2022年第1期157-164,共8页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31901940);山东省农业科学院科技创新工程项目(CXGC2021A23);山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2020QC131);山东省技术创新引导计划(鲁渝科技协作)项目(2020LYXZ010);山东省重大科技创新工程项目(2019JZZY010702);山东省重点研发重大创新工程项目(2021CXGC010809);2021年度山东省乡村振兴科技创新提振行动计划项目(2021TZXD012)。

摘　　要：真菌毒素(mycotoxin)是真菌产生的有毒次级代谢产物,其中伏马毒素对粮食的污染严重威胁人和动物健康,长期过量暴露于含有毒素的食品或饲料会引起人类和动物的中毒或各种疾病,严重者甚至死亡。本文综述了伏马毒素的结构、种类、毒性机理、生物合成基因序列群和基因调控机制及其控制和预防方法,为镰刀菌的生物防治和有效控制伏马毒素污染提供理论基础,对其它真菌毒素的抑制和防治具有参考意义。Mycotoxins are toxic secondary metabolites produced by fungi.Fumonisins were one type of them,which pose hazards to human and animal health.Long-term excessive exposure to fumonisins contaminated food will cause toxicosis or a variety of diseases,even death.This review covered the structure,types,toxic groups,toxicity mechanism,biosynthesis gene clusters and gene regulation mechanism of fumonisins,and also the approaches of preventing and controlling fumonisins accumulation.It would provide theoretical bases for the biological control of Fusarium spp.and fumonisins contamination,and also provide references for the management of other mycotoxins.

关 键 词：真菌毒素 伏马毒素 镰刀菌 

分 类 号：S432.44[农业科学—植物病理学]