中小学人工智能教育大单元设计的意蕴、困境和路径  

Study on the Value,Dilemma and Path of the Design of Large Units of Artificial Intelligence Education in Primary and Secondary Schools

作　　者：何聚厚[1] 李天宇 何秀青[3] He Juhou;Li Tianyu;He Xiuqing(Key Laboratory of Modern Teaching Technology,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi’an 710062,Shannxi;Urumqi Bayi High School,Urumqi 830002,Xinjiang;School of Computer Science,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi’an 710119,Shannxi)

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学现代教学技术教育部重点实验室,陕西西安710062 [2]乌鲁木齐八一中学,新疆乌鲁木齐830002 [3]陕西师范大学计算机科学学院,陕西西安710119

出　　处：《中国电化教育》2022年第2期30-37,共8页China Educational Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“师范生课堂教学表达能力自主实训与评价模型研究”(项目编号:62177032);中国教育学会教育科研重点规划课题(2019)“中小学人工智能教学活动设计和课例实施研究”(课题编号:201900302301A)阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：智能时代来临,中小学人工智能教育如何培养未来公民备受关注。人工智能教育在中小学校主要借助信息技术学科来承载,不可回避,技术学科在工业时代教学中产生的“知识块庞杂、工具观单一、生师比悬殊”等问题依旧存在。人工智能教育采用大单元设计的价值在于从“技术本位”到“素养本位”的转变,单元化的认知过程呈现出以学科大概念重构知识图谱、以学科核心素养扭转育人目标、以系统评价服务学生本位的价值意蕴。从策略、目标、活动、知识和评价方面构建单元时,存在着单元化意蕴与传统教学优势之间难以取舍的现实困境,该文探讨了以大单元设计的价值意蕴化解人工智能教育现实困境的实践路径。With the advent of the intelligent era,how artificial intelligence education in primary and secondary schools can cultivate future citizens has attracted much attention.In primary and secondary schools,artificial intelligence education is mainly carried by information technology subjects.It is unavoidable that the knowledge modules are complex,the concept of how to use tool is single,and there is a great disparity between the student-teacher ratio in the teaching of technical disciplines in the industrial age.The value of adopting large-unit design in artificial intelligence education lies in the transition from“technology-based”to“literacy-based”.The unitary cognition process presents the value meaning of reconstructing the knowledge map with the major concept of the subject,reversing the goal of educating people with the core literacy of the subject,and serving the students with systematic evaluation.When constructing units from the aspects of strategies,goals,activities,knowledge and evaluation,there is a real dilemma that is difficult to choose between unitized meaning and traditional teaching advantages.This article explores the practical path to resolve the real dilemma of artificial intelligence education with unitized value connotation.

关 键 词：人工智能教育 单元设计 大概念 教学策略 中小学 

分 类 号：G434[文化科学—教育学]