基于机械冲击破岩模型的数值试验分析  

Numerical test analysis based on rock breaking model with mechanical impact

作　　者：江红祥[1] 赵慧贺 刘送永[1] 孟德光 王永信 JIANG Hongxiang;ZHAO Huihe;LIU Songyong;MENG Deguang;WANG Yongxin(School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221116,China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学机电工程学院,江苏徐州221116

出　　处：《实验技术与管理》2022年第1期24-29,共6页Experimental Technology and Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(51605479);江苏高校品牌专业建设工程资助项目(PPZY2015B120);中国矿业大学教学研究项目(2020KCSZ15)。

摘　　要：数值试验方法作为机械冲击破岩研究的补充手段,可以从微观的角度深入分析岩石破碎内在机理。该文利用RHT本构模型描述岩石在机械冲击下的动态响应,采用显式动力学方法建立机械冲击破岩的数值试验模型,并通过物理试验证实了数值模型的正确性,进而对机械冲击破岩数值试验中岩石损伤形成和分布规律进行分析。研究表明:在机械冲击载荷作用下,宏观上岩石表面形成破碎坑,微观上机械齿作用点下方形成许多细密裂纹;随着机械齿冲击深度的增加,岩石内部中心裂纹逐渐向深处延伸;岩石表面破碎坑的周围形成许多细密的放射状裂纹,其中径向裂纹有向岩石表面扩展的趋势。利用数值试验模拟单、双齿冲击破碎岩石过程,可以直观显示岩石内部失效规律和损伤分布,对学生深入理解机械冲击载荷下岩石破碎机制具有重要的指导作用。As a supplement to the study of mechanical rock breaking,numerical test method can deeply analyze the internal mechanism of rock breakage from the microscopic point of view.The RHT constitutive model is used to describe the dynamic response of rock under mechanical impact.The numerical test model of rock breakage under mechanical impact is established by explicit dynamic method,and the correctness of the numerical test is verified by the physical test.Then the formation and distribution of rock damage in the numerical test of rock breaking by mechanical impact are analyzed.The results show that under the action of mechanical impact load,craters are formed on the rock surface the macro level,and many fine cracks are formed under the impact point of the mechanical teeth at the micro level.With the increase of the impact depth of the mechanical teeth,the central crack of the rock gradually extends to deeper depths.There are many fine radial cracks around the craters on the rock surface,among which the radial cracks tend to expand towards the rock surface.Through the numerical tests,the process of rock breakage by single and double teeth impact is reconstructed,and the failure law and damage distribution inside the rock are obtained,which plays an important guiding role for students to deeply understand rock breakage mechanism under mechanical impact load.

关 键 词：数值试验 失效规律 损伤分布 机械冲击 

分 类 号：TD421[矿业工程—矿山机电]