论环境决策公众参与制度  

Research on Public Participation System in Environmental Decision-making

作　　者：刘清生[1] LIU Qingsheng(Law School,Fuzhou University,Fuzhou 350108,China)

机构地区：[1]福州大学法学院,福建福州350108

出　　处：《大连理工大学学报（社会科学版）》2022年第1期106-112,共7页Journal of Dalian University of Technology(Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“社会法之社会权基础理论研究”(19BFX173)。

摘　　要：《环境保护公众参与办法》并没有完整建构环境决策公众参与制度。该制度的建构需要解决“公众是谁”“如何参与”“产生何种效力”3大核心问题。解答“公众是谁”,应当依环境利益相关和在场原则确认参与人。对相关环境事务享有环境利益但不享有经济利益是公众参与的基础,在场自愿参与是公众参与权的体现。解决“如何参与”的关键不在公众而在政府。公众参与以公众参与平台为基础,以政府提供决策相关信息为条件。为保障公众参与,政府有建设参与平台和提供决策信息等义务。公众参与环境决策的权利基础是公众环境利益管理权,因而对“产生何种效力”的确认应当有权利本位思想。行政权力的主导作用和公众权利的主体作用,才能共同保障公众科学民主地形成环境决策内容。Measures for Public Participation in Environmental Protection does not provide us with a complete public participation system in environmental decision-making.To construct a complete system,we need to solve three core problems:Who participates?How to participate?What effect does it have? For the first problem,the public should be ascertained according to the environmental stakeholders and the attendees.Enjoying environmental interests but not economic benefits in related environmental affairs is the basis of public participation,and we must adhere to the principle of voluntary participation.For the second problem,it depends on the government instead of the public because it is the government’s obligation to build public participation platform and provide relevant information about environmental decision-making so as to offer the basis and conditions for public participation.The public’s right to manage environmental interests is the foundation of public participation system,and there should be the rights-based approach to solving the third problem.So the environmental decision should be decided scientifically and democratically by integrating the leading role of the administrative power and the main role of the public’s rights.

关 键 词：公众参与 环境决策 在场 政府义务 环境利益管理权 

分 类 号：D925.1[政治法律—诉讼法学]