知识宽度视角下专利质量与中国跨国公司盈利能力  

Patent Quality and Profitability of China’s MNCs from the Perspective of Knowledge Width

作　　者：耿伟[1] 杨柯 贾兴兴 GENG Wei;YANG Ke;JIA Xingxing(School of Economics,Tianjin University of Finance and Economics,Tianjin 300222)

机构地区：[1]天津财经大学经济学院,天津300222

出　　处：《当代经济科学》2022年第1期119-130,共12页Modern Economic Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目“中国跨国企业东道国市场制度同构与制度创新策略选择及其实施效果研究”(71702121)。

摘　　要：近年来,中国企业国际化扩张速度异军突起但盈利水平较低,而专利是知识的重要载体,是一个企业的产品取得市场普遍认同、保持长期竞争优势的重要利器,为此基于2007—2015年中国跨国公司面板数据,以知识宽度法测算专利质量,考察其对企业盈利能力的影响及作用机制。研究结果表明:专利质量提高显著提升了企业盈利能力,这一结论在考虑内生性问题、更换专利质量测度指标后依然稳健。大型企业和非国有企业专利质量的提高,对盈利能力的提升效果更加显著;发明专利方面,专利质量对成熟期企业盈利能力的促进作用更为显著;实用新型专利方面,成长期企业的专利提升效果优于成熟期企业。进一步的作用机制检验表明,生产率效应和成本效应是专利质量影响盈利能力的两个作用渠道。More and more Chinese corporations have developed rapidly since the implementation of the going out strategy.However,low profitability still exists when China’s corporations expand internationally.Against this background,there is an urgent need to explore how to improve the profitability of multinational corporations(MNCs).Recently,there are some valuable empirical studies on MNCs’profitability,but there are few studies focusing on patent quality,nor do they thoroughly consider the effect differences caused by the quality of different patent types.This paper examines the impact of patent quality measured by knowledge width on MNCs’profitability and verifies the mechanism based on the panel data of China’s MNCs in the period from 2007 to 2015.The research in this paper reveals that patent quality significantly promotes MNCs’profitability and the result is still robust after considering the endogeneity and alternative measurement for patent quality.Moreover,the heterogeneity analysis indicates that the improvement of patent quality of large enterprises and non-state-owned enterprises has a more significant effect on improving their profitability.In addition,in terms of innovation patents,patent quality has a larger promoting effect on mature enterprises’profitability;in terms of utility model patents,this effect on growing enterprises is larger than that of mature enterprises.The mechanism test shows that productivity effect and cost effect are the channels through which patent quality raises profitability.The contribution of the paper is as follows.First,based on knowledge width,this paper divides patent quality into quality of approved innovation patent,quality of applied innovation patents,quality of approved utility model patents,and quality of applied utility model patents.It examines the impact of patent quality on MNCs’profitability and its mechanism,and explores the heterogenous effects of different types of patents,thus extending the framework of profitability determinants.Second,this paper c

关 键 词：专利质量 企业盈利能力 国际化经营 知识宽度法 生产率效应 成本效应 

分 类 号：F276.7[经济管理—企业管理] F275[经济管理—国民经济] F273.1