后疫情时代武汉街头餐饮食品卫生现状与营养评价研究  

Hygienic status and nutrient evaluation of food on the streets of Wuhan during the post COVID-19 epidemic era

作　　者：饶伟明 余宏杰 杨宏光 张敏哲 肖小月 王涯旭 陈锐 何启强 RAO Wei-ming;YU Hong-jie;YANG Hong-guang;ZHANG Min-zhe;XIAO Xiao-yue;WANG Ya-xu;CHEN Rui;HE Qi-qiang(School of Health Sciences,Wuhan University,Wuhan,Hubei 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学健康学院,湖北430070

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2022年第3期431-434,446,共5页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：中国营养学会-百胜餐饮健康基金(CNS-YUM2020B23)。

摘　　要：目的评估后疫情时代"地摊经济"背景下武汉市街头餐饮卫生学状况与食品营养价值。方法从武汉市武昌、江岸和江汉区各抽取一条美食街,每条街按烧烤、煎炸、蒸煮、烘焙、凉拌、饮品类食品分别抽取3个街头摊点开展卫生学评价。通过问卷调查确定52种街头食物/饮品,采用富含营养素食物指数(NRF_(6.3))评估其营养价值。结果 54个街头摊点平均卫生学评分71.96。96.3%摊点未标识食物原料来源,59.26%摊点工作人员未佩戴手套口罩。所有食品NRF_(6.3)介于-39.08和80.19之间。52种街头食品中,3种食物所含膳食纤维、2种所含维A、4种所含维C和2种所含钙含量达到成人每日推荐摄入量;8种食物所含能量、14种所含外加糖、15种所含脂肪和31种所含钠含量超过每日限制摄入量,并有13种食物钠含量超过全天限制摄入量。结论武汉市街头餐饮卫生状况良好,但存在卫生标识不明、加工环境欠佳等情况。此外,街头餐饮食品营养价值整体不高,存在钠盐、脂肪等限制营养素超标,而膳食纤维和维生素含量不足等问题。Objective To evaluate the hygienic status and nutrient value of food in Wuhan’s street under the background of the “street stall economy” in the post COVID-19 epidemic era. Methods One food street was randomly selected from Wuchang, Jiangan and Jianghan districts of Wuhan, respectively. Then three street stalls were selected from each street according to barbecue, frying, steaming, baking, cold dressing, and beverages food categories for hygiene evaluation. 52 kinds of mainstream street-vended foods/beverages were identified by the Street Food Preference Questionnaire. The Nutrient-Rich Foods index(NRF_(6.3)) was calculated to evaluate the nutrient value. Results The average hygiene score was 71.96. 96.3% of the stalls did not mark the source of food ingredients and 59.26% of the stall workers did not wear gloves and masks. The NRF_(6.3) of street food ranged from-39.08 to 80.19. Among 52 kinds of foods, the contents of dietary fiber in 3 kinds of street foods, vitamin A in 2 kinds of street foods, vitamin C in 4 street foods, and calcium in 2 kinds of street foods had reached the recommended nutrient intakes of adults(based on dinner standards). The amount of energy in 8 kinds of street foods, added sugar in 14 kinds of food street, fat in 15 kinds of food street, and sodium content in 31 kinds of food street had exceeded the daily intake limit of adults(based on dinner standards), and the sodium content in 13 foods had exceeded the whole daily intake limit. Conclusion The overall hygiene of street food is good in Wuhan City, while some hygiene problems still exist, including unclear sanitary signs and poor food processing environment. Furthermore, the nutrient value of street catering food is not satisfactory, with high fat and sodium content and insufficient dietary fiber and multivitamin.

关 键 词：后疫情时代 街头食品 NRF_(6.3) 营养价值 卫生学调查 

分 类 号：R155.5[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]