俄语动词“взять”的语法化构式及其语用意义  

The Grammaticalization Construction of the Russian Verb “взять” and Its Pragmatic Meaning

作　　者：许凤才[1] 兰浩芳 Xu Fengcai;Lan Haofang

机构地区：[1]辽宁师范大学外国语学院,辽宁大连116029

出　　处：《东北亚外语研究》2022年第1期59-69,共11页Foreign Language Research in Northeast Asia

基　　金：辽宁省社科基金项目“俄语语言世界图景中的文化密码‘память’”(L17BYY005);辽宁师范大学新进博士科研启动项目“俄罗斯语言意识中观念‘память’的格式塔研究”(BS2018W008)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：现代俄语标准语语法体系具有极高的稳定性,但并非是一个静止不变的系统。本文以俄语动词"взять"为例,依据《大俄汉词典》对该词的释义及俄语国家语料库(Национальныйкорпусрусскогоязыка)中有关该动词的具体用例,分析动词"взять"的相关义项、语法化过程及语法化构式类型,探寻该词语法化构式的语用意义。研究表明,动词"взять"的语法化过程尚未完成,其词汇本义与语法功能仍处于共通共存过程中。通过对俄语动词"взять"语法化进程的探索,希望能为发现和研究其他词汇的语法化现象和规律提供思路,为俄汉语学习者提高语言素养、交际能力和俄汉语互译水平提供助益。The modern Russian standard language grammar system has high stability,but it is not a static system.This paper takes the Russian verb "взять" as an example to study the grammaticalization process,structure and pragmatic meaning of the infinitive,imperative,past and future tenses.According to the definition of "взять" in the Great Russian-Chinese Dictionary and the specific examples of the verb "взять" in the Russian national corpus(Национальный корпус русского языка),analyzes the relevant meaning,grammaticalization process,grammaticalization structure types of the verb "взять"and pragmatic meaning of structure.Studies have shown that the grammaticalization of the verb "взять" has not been completed,and its original meaning and grammatical function are still in the process of coexistence.Through the in-depth exploration of the Russian verb "взять",it is hoped that it can provide ideas for discovering the grammaticalization phenomenas and laws of other words,and help Russian-Chinese learners to improve their language literacy,communication skills and Russian-Chinese translation.

关 键 词：“взять” 语料库 过渡现象 语法化构式 语用意义 

分 类 号：H0[语言文字—语言学]