光照诱导太子参叶片黄化的机制  

Mechanism Underlying the Light-induced Leaf Chlorosis of Pseudostellaria heterophylla

作　　者：刘晓峰 查道喜 朱启法 徐方正 陈洋 张广雨 王学瑛[2] 薛琳[2] 许立峰[1] 张忠锋[1] 徐海清 张洪博[1] LIU Xiaofeng;ZHA Daoxi;ZHU Qifa;XU Fangzheng;CHEN Yang;ZHANG Guangyu;WANG Xueying;XUE Lin;XU Lifeng;ZHANG Zhongfeng;XU Haiqing;ZHANG Hongbo(Tobacco Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Qingdao,Shandong 266101;Southern Anhui Tobacco Leaf Co.,Ltd.,Xuancheng,Anhui 242099)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院烟草研究所,山东青岛266101 [2]安徽皖南烟叶有限责任公司,安徽宣城242099

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2022年第1期68-74,共7页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：安徽皖南烟叶有限责任公司项目“太子参脱毒示范种植及深加工研究”(20190563004);中国农业科学院科技创新工程(ASTIP-TRIC05);中国农业科学院“青年英才计划”项目。

摘　　要：研究旨在探讨太子参在大田种植过程发生的叶片黄化及植株凋亡与光照强度之间的关联,并进一步明确光照影响太子参叶片黄化和植株凋亡的机制。通过比较不同地域的田间太子参叶片黄化特性和气候因子差异,利用生化分析及显微观察研究不同光照强度、氮素水平对太子参叶片黄化及碳水化合物累积的影响,以揭示太子参叶片黄化的生理机制。对安徽宣城和贵州遵义的田间太子参叶片黄化特性和气候因子差异分析发现,光照强度是影响太子参叶片黄化的重要原因;田间和温室试验表明,叶片脱绿黄化程度和碳水化合物含量随光照强度增加而提高;电镜观察表明,光照强度增加会促进太子参叶片叶绿体中淀粉粒的增长,破坏叶绿体结构,并导致叶片脱绿;增加氮素用量可降低太子参叶片的碳水化合物累积,并抑制光照诱导的叶片黄化。本研究探讨光照和氮素对太子参叶片黄化的调控作用,可为人工种植太子参的生产实践提供一定参考。This study aims to explore the correlation between light intensity and the leaf chlorosis of Pseudostellaria heterophylla,and further investigate the role of light intensity in mediating the leaf chlorosis and plant decay.The effects of light intensity and nitrogen level on the leaf chlorosis and carbohydrate accumulation in P.heterophylla were analyzed by biochemical analysis and microscopic observation to reveal the physiological mechanism underlying the leaf chlorosis of P.heterophylla.The differences of P.heterophylla leaf chlorosis characteristics and climatic factors between Xuancheng in Anhui and Zunyi in Guizhou were analyzed,which indicated that light intensity was an important factor affecting the leaf chlorosis of P.heterophylla.Field and greenhouse experiments showed that the extent of leaf chlorosis and the carbohydrate accumulation in P.heterophylla increased along with the increase of light intensity.Electron microscopic observation further suggested that the increase in light intensity could promote the enlargement of starch granules in chloroplasts,destroy the chloroplast structure,thus leading to leaf chlorosis in P.heterophylla.Increasing the nitrogen level could reduce the carbohydrate accumulation in P.heterophylla leaves and inhibit the light-induced leaf chlorosis.This study investigated the role of light and nitrogen in regulating leaf chlorosis of P.heterophylla,and could provide support to the agricultural practices in P.heterophylla cultivation.

关 键 词：太子参 光照强度 叶片黄化 碳水化合物 氮素 

分 类 号：S311[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术]