考虑热变形影响的盘式制动器制动抖动分析  

Brake Judder Analysis of Disc Brake Considering Thermal Deformation

作　　者：潘公宇[1,2] 冯雅琪 陈林 徐宇 徐旗钊 PAN Gongyu;FENG Yaqi;CHEN Lin;XU Yu;XU Qizhao(School of Automotive and Traffic Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013,China;Jiangsu Hengli brake manufacturing Co., Ltd., Taizhou 214500, China)

机构地区：[1]江苏大学汽车与交通工程学院,江苏镇江212013 [2]江苏恒力制动器制造有限公司,江苏泰州214500

出　　处：《郑州大学学报（工学版）》2022年第2期58-64,共7页Journal of Zhengzhou University（Engineering Science）

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52072157);江西省汽车噪声与振动重点试验室2018年度开放基金项目(JXNVHKB-KFKT-201802)。

摘　　要：为了提高制动器动力学模型对制动抖动的预测精度,建立了一个部件之间的接触形式以及模型的位移输入更贴合实际情况的制动器动力学模型。首先,使用有限元软件建立通风盘式制动器的有限元模型,采用热-结构耦合法仿真计算制动过程中由于摩擦生热造成的制动盘厚度变化量;然后,考虑制动盘与制动块之间采用面对面的接触方式建立八自由度制动系统动力学模型,同时通过试验测量抖动“故障盘”的初始厚薄差,将测得的初始厚薄差与通过热-结构耦合仿真获得的制动盘热变形产生的厚薄差进行叠加,并将叠加位移作为动力学模型中制动块的位移,通过动力学仿真预测制动过程中的制动压力波动(BPV)和制动力矩波动(BTV)的变化趋势,并结合试验验证模型的可靠性。研究结果表明:叠加厚薄差作为模型仿真的输入所得到的制动压力波动的仿真结果与试验结果的误差为13.18%,制动力矩波动的仿真结果与试验结果的误差为11.15%,制动盘初始厚薄差与制动盘热变形产生的厚薄差叠加后的仿真输入能够使制动器动力学模型在预测制动抖动方面具有较好的准确性,所建立的制动器面接触模型能够有效预测制动抖动。In order to improve the prediction accuracy of brake judder by brake dynamic model,a brake dynamic model was established,in which the contact form between components and the displacement input of model were more in line with actual situation.Firstly,the finite element model of ventilated disc brake was established by using finite element software,and the disc thickness variation caused by friction heat was calculated by using thermal-structure coupling method.Then,an eight-degree-of-freedom dynamic model of brake system was established in the contact form of face to face between disc and block.At the same time,the initial disc thickness variation of brake disc with judder fault was measured by experiment.The initial thickness variation was superimposed with thickness variation obtained through thermal-structural coupling simulation,and the superimposed displacement was taken as displacement of brake block in dynamic model.The brake pressure variation and brake torque variation was predicted by dynamic simulation.Finally,the reliability of model was verified by experiments.The results showed that the error between simulation result and test result of brake pressure variation is 13.18%,and the error between simulation result and test result of brake torque variation was 11.15%.It was concluded that the superposition input of initial disc thickness variation and thickness variation generated by thermal deformation of disc could make the brake dynamic model have a good accuracy in predicting brake judder,and the brake surface contact model established could effectively predict brake judder.

关 键 词：制动抖动 热-结构耦合仿真 热弹性变形 制动压力波动 制动力矩波动 

分 类 号：TH212[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TH213.3