寻求心理治疗的青少年患者心理问题类型与应对方式的相关分析  

Correlation Analysis of Types of Psychological Problems and Coping Styles of Adolescent Patients Seeking Psychotherapy

作　　者：蔡芳苗 柯锦秀 陈荣梅 CAI Fangmiao;KE Jinxiu;CHEN Rongmei(Psychological Clinic,the First Hospital of Quanzhou City,Quanzhou 362002,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省泉州市第一医院心理门诊,福建泉州362002

出　　处：《中国医药指南》2022年第6期78-80,84,共4页Guide of China Medicine

摘　　要：目的探讨寻求心理治疗的青少年心理问题类型与应对方式的关系。方法选择2021年4—8月我院心理咨询门诊就医的青少年64例作为观察组,选择在校青少年62例作为对照组,比较两组青少年应对方式以及心理问题类型与应对方式的关系。结果两组青少年SCL-90总分及因子均分比较,均P<0.05,差异具有统计学意义;两组研究对象积极、消极应对方式总分及项目得分比较,积极应对方式中“看到事情积极面”“改变看法”“不看得太严重”“找不同方法”“改变做法”,消极应对方式中“烟酒药吃”“试图忘记”“依靠别人”“无奈接受现实”“自我安慰”,积极方式和消极方式总分,均P<0.05,差异有统计意义;“不把事情看得太重”对强迫、人际敏感、抑郁、焦虑受到呈负影响,敌对受到“积极总分”、“看到积极面”、“不看得太重”、“改变做法”呈负影响,恐怖受到“积极总分”“不看得太重”的负影响;躯体化、强迫、人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑、恐怖、偏执受到“消极总分”“抽烟喝酒服药吃东西”“试图忘记”“自我安慰”的正影响,敌对受到“抽烟喝酒服药吃东西”“试图忘记”的正影响,强迫、敌对受到“依靠别人”负影响。结论心理治疗师在进行心理干预时应帮助患者观察、矫正消极应对方式,学习使用积极应对方式,以提高治疗效果。Objective To explore the relationship between the types of psychological problems and coping styles of adolescents seeking psychotherapy.Methods All 64 adolescents in the psychological counseling clinic of our hospital from Apr.2021 to Aug.2021 were selected as the observation group and 62 adolescents in school as the control group.The coping styles and the relationship between the types of psychological problems and coping styles of adolescents in the two groups were compared.Results The difference of the total score and average factor score of SCL-90 in the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.05).The total scores and project scores of positive and negative coping styles of the two groups were compared.In positive coping styles,"see the positive side of things""change your view""don't look too seriously""find different methods"and"change your practices",in negative coping styles,"smoke,drink and take medicine""try to forget""rely on others""helpless to accept reality"and"self comfort".The difference of the total scores of positive and negative ways was statistically significant(P<0.05)."Not taking things too seriously"has a negative impact on compulsion,interpersonal sensitivity,depression and anxiety,hostility has a negative impact on"positive total score""seeing the positive side""not taking things too seriously"and"changing practices",and terror has a negative impact on"positive total score"and"not taking things too seriously";Somatization,compulsion,interpersonal sensitivity,depression,anxiety,terror and paranoia are positively affected by"negative total score""smoking,drinking,taking medicine and eating""trying to forget"and"self comfort",hostility is positively affected by"smoking,drinking,taking medicine and eating""trying to forget",and coercion and hostility are negatively affected by"relying on others".Conclusion The psychotherapists should help patients observe and correct negative coping styles and learn to use positive coping styles in order to improve the therapeutic effect.

关 键 词：青少年 心理治疗 心理问题类型 应对方式 

分 类 号：R749.94[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]