“以教师为中心”教学方式的中美比较研究——基于中美PISA数据的分析  

A Comparative Study of “Teacher-oriented” Teaching Styles between China and America Based on Analysis of PISA Data

作　　者：梁函 吴文胜[1] LIANG Han;WU Wensheng(Jing Hengyi School of Education,Hangzhou Normal University,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 311121)

机构地区：[1]杭州师范大学经亨颐教育学院,浙江杭州311121

出　　处：《上海教育评估研究》2022年第1期54-59,共6页Shanghai Journal of Educational Evaluation

基　　金：2020年度杭州市哲学社会科学常规性规划课题“中小学教师职业规范政策研究”(G20JC004)。

摘　　要：根据PISA数据库2018年的数据,在基础教育阶段中国和美国都存在"以教师为中心"的教学方式且美国教师的应用频率较低。分析显示,教学支持与以教师为中心的教学有显著相关关系,"以教师为中心"的教学在一定程度上削弱了学生的幸福感。但是,"以教师为中心"的方式也可以产生高质量的课堂教学,如经常和学生讨论问题、在教学过程中表达教师自己的理解、适当地给学生提出的观点以支持等。同时,学校应该关注到教学方式对学生幸福感的影响,鼓励教师组合使用各种教学方式,开展"以学生为中心"的教学,由此对学生幸福感产生积极影响,实现从"以教师为中心"到"以学生为中心"的有效转变。The 2018 PISA data show that in the basic education period, both China and America have teacher-oriented teaching styles, but American teachers use them less frequently. Statistical analysis shows that there is a significant correlation between teaching support and teacher-oriented teaching, and adoption of teacher-oriented teaching weakens students’ well-being to some extent.However, a teacher-oriented approach can also result in high-quality classroom teaching, such as regular discussions with students, expressing their understanding during teaching process, and providing appropriate support to students. At the same time, schools should pay attention to the influence of teaching methods on students’ well-being, encourage teachers to use various teaching methods in combination, and bring into play the positive influence of student-oriented teaching on students’ well-being, in order to realize the effective transformation from"teacher-oriented"to"studentoriented".

关 键 词：教学行为 “以教师为中心”的教学 PISA 2018 比较研究 

分 类 号：G451[文化科学—教育学] G424[文化科学—教育技术学]