不同轨道结构地铁噪声辐射测试及分析  

Measurement and Analysis of Metro Noise Radiation of Different Track Structures

作　　者：张啟乐 刘林芽[2] 陈高峰 ZHANG Qile;LIU Linya;CHEN Gaofeng(China Electronics System Engineering No.2 Construction Co.,Ltd.,Wuxi 214135,Jiangsu,China;Engineering Research Center of Railway Environment Vibration and Noise,Ministry of Education,East China Jiaotong University,Nanchang 330013,China;GERB(Qingdao)Structural Design Co.,Ltd.,Qingdao 266108,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]中国电子系统工程第二建设有限公司,江苏无锡214135 [2]华东交通大学铁路环境振动与噪声教育部工程研究中心,南昌330013 [3]隔而固(青岛)结构设计事务所有限公司,山东青岛266108

出　　处：《噪声与振动控制》2022年第1期168-172,205,共6页Noise and Vibration Control

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51578238,51968025);江西省自然科学基金重点资助项目(20192ACBL20009);江西省重点研发计划资助项目(20181BBE50013)。

摘　　要：对某地铁普通整体道床地段与钢弹簧浮置板道床地段隧道内和车内噪声进行测试,研究列车内外噪声辐射大小及频谱特性。研究结果表明:隧道内距离轨面越近,噪声越高,说明轮轨噪声为主要噪声源;同一轨道区段,不同车厢内噪声峰值频率相同,但是噪声峰值有略微区别;浮置板地段,隧道内噪声在40 Hz~125 Hz频段,车内噪声在20 Hz~400 Hz频段较普通道床地段有所增大,其他频段隧道内和车内噪声均不大于普通道床地段;对隧道内和车内噪声的1/3倍频程声压级曲线进行A计权处理,普通道床和浮置板道床地段声压级峰值频率较计权之前均变大,计权后普通道床地段和浮置板地段车内噪声等效声级相差很小,不到1 dB(A)。The noises in the tunnel and the metro vehicles of the general track and steel spring floating slab track(FST)are measured respectively.Then,the radiation intensities and frequency spectrum characteristics of these noises are studied.The results show that:for the same track structure,the closer the measurement point is to the rail,the greater the noise is,which indicates that the wheel-rail noise is the main noise source;in the same track section,the peak frequencies of the noises in different car body are the same,but their noise peak levels are slightly different.In FST section,the noise in tunnel in the frequency band of 40 Hz-125 Hz and the noise in vehicle in the range of 20 Hz-400 Hz is higher than that in the general track section;however,in the other frequency bands,the noises in the tunnel and the metro vehicle are all less than those in the general track section.In both FST parts and the general track bed,all the SPL peak frequencies in tunnel and metro vehicle after A-weight processing are larger than those before A-weight processing,the value of LAeq,T difference between general track bed and FST is very small after A-weight processing and less than 1 dB(A).

关 键 词：振动与波 地铁 测试 钢弹簧浮置板 车辆 噪声 A计权 

分 类 号：U231[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程] TB532[理学—物理]