“道德形而上学”的专属认识论何以可能? --以熊十力为中心  

Why is the Exclusive Epistemology of“Moral Metaphysics”Possible:Discussion Centered on Xiong Shili s Theory

作　　者：韩立坤 HAN Likun(School of Marxism,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,China)

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学马克思主义学院,江苏南京210037

出　　处：《西南大学学报（社会科学版）》2022年第2期71-81,共11页Journal of Southwest University(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金冷门绝学研究专项学术团队项目“近代中国‘哲学新语汇’的形成及其哲学新知识体系的建立”(21VJXT005),项目负责人:王中江。

摘　　要：面对科学的冲击,早期现代新儒家致力于阐述儒学认识论的特殊性与合法性。作为代表人物,熊十力认识到儒学危机根源于“本体认识”的合法性。为此,他参照“哲学”范式,引进理智与思辨,并将其与传统的体证法、修养法相结合,设定了“思辨法—直观法—修养法”的方法流程。他将“本体认识”分为“理智”与“超理智”两类型,又用“经验认识”→“理性认识”→“直观认识”的无限循环来弥合二者的张力,实际建构了完整的“本体论的认识论”。梳理审视其对儒学传统德性认识论的改造,对研究“现代新儒家”的认识论思想,思考儒学形而上学的认识论的现代合法性,具有重要参考价值。Facing the impact of science,the early modern Neo-Confucianism is committed to expounding the particularity and legitimacy of Confucian epistemology.As a representative of Neo-Confucianism,Xiong Shili realized that the crisis of Confucianism was rooted in the legitimacy of“ontological cognition”.Therefore,referring to the paradigm of“philosophy”,he introduced and combined the rational speculation of Western learning with the traditional physical evidence method and self-cultivation method,and set up the method process:speculative method-intuitive method-self-cultivation method.Accordingly,Xiong divided“ontological cognition”into two categories,“rational”and“super rational”,bridge the tension between them as an infinite loop from“empirical cognition”,“rational cognition”,to“intuitive cognition”,so as to construct a complete“ontological epistemology”.Xiong s reformative theory of Confucian epistemology has important reference value for studying other epistemological thoughts of“new Confucianism”and exploring the modern legitimacy of Confucian epistemology.

关 键 词：熊十力 本体论 认识论 方法论 工夫论 直观法 

分 类 号：B26[哲学宗教—中国哲学]