王阳明“致良知”工夫心曲考察:以正德年间散曲诗歌为例  

A Study of Wang Yangming s Ideology and Gongfu of To the Conscience:Focusing on Sanqu and Poetry in the Zhengde Period

作　　者：雷静[1] LEI Jing(School of Philosophy and Social Development,South China Normal University,Guangzhou 510631,China)

机构地区：[1]华南师范大学哲学系,广州510631

出　　处：《上海交通大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2022年第1期131-138,共8页Journal of Shanghai Jiao tong University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社科基金后期资助项目“从‘责任’到‘信任’:宋明理学道德——政治哲学的新探索”(17FZX019);贵州省2019年度哲学社会科学规划国学单列课题“良知学的工夫历程与工夫谱系研究”(19GZGX19)。

摘　　要：王阳明在明代正德年间提出的“致良知”说不仅是哲学命题,更是其道德实践工夫。探析正德年间王阳明创作的散曲、诗歌等直抒胸臆的文本,将直面“致良知”说产生的心路历程,从而呈现出阳明所强调的“良知即是非”“自致其良知”等工夫关键。阳明由致良知工夫体证得出,良知作为是非标准,而自致其良知的自信,正是对良知作为是非标准的自立自信,其归于万物一体之仁的不容已,这既是士人的为己之学,更是使天下人自致其良知的大同理想。To the Conscience is not only Wang Yangming s philosophical proposition but also is his gongfu(moral exercise)of body knowing.The gongfu experience,from which the idea of To the Conscience came could be shown more apparently when Wang s texts were written directly to readers,such as Sanqu and poetry in the Zhengde years,was explored.According to the gonfgu experience,the emotional patterns of Wang s exercise To the Conscious could be revealed,and then Wang s biggest harvest of his gongfu could also be presented,such as“conscience is the standard of right and wrong”and“to the conscience by oneself”.Conscience,as the standard of right and wrong,is the fundamental to scholar officials practice.The self-confidence embodied in“to the conscience by oneself”makes people fully confident about conscience as the standard of right and wrong,which is rooted in the benevolence coming from the perception of everything-as-one.Hence the self-confidence is not only Confucians self-cultivation but also his ideal of Great Harmony that leads everyone to write to the conscience by oneself.

关 键 词：王阳明 致良知 工夫 散曲 诗歌 

分 类 号：B248.2[哲学宗教—中国哲学] I207.22[文学—中国文学] I207.24