时速400 km高速列车转向架区域气动噪声控制  

Aerodynamic noise control of high-speed train bogie region running at 400 km·h^(-1)

作　　者：王广明 陈羽[2] 贾尚帅 张文敏 李启良[2] WANG Guangming;CHEN Yu;JIA Shangshuai;ZHANG Wenmin;LI Qiliang(CRRC Tangshan Co.,Ltd,Tangshan 063035,Hebei,China;Shanghai Automotive Wind Tunnel Center,Tongji University,Shanghai 201804,China)

机构地区：[1]中车唐山机车车辆有限公司,河北唐山063035 [2]同济大学上海地面交通工具风洞中心,上海201804

出　　处：《声学技术》2022年第1期88-95,共8页Technical Acoustics

基　　金：自然科学基金项目(52002283);国家重点研发计划(2016YFB1200503)资助项目。

摘　　要：气动降噪控制对高速列车运行环保性和乘坐舒适性至关重要。以某时速400 km高速列车1:8缩比模型为研究对象,建立了基于转向架舱前缘、侧缘、后缘3种策略的6种气动降噪控制方案。通过大涡模拟得到非定常流场和气动噪声源项,采用FW-H方程和声扰动方程计算远场和近场噪声,得到不同控制方案对远场噪声、近场噪声的控制效果和影响频域范围。与风洞试验相比,远场30个测点中90%的测点总声压级偏差在3 dB(A)以内,频谱变化趋势相同,量级相差较小。在速度为400 km·h^(-1)时,不同降噪控制方案使得远场测点的平均声压级最大减小1.4 dB(A),转向架舱湍流脉动功率级最大减小3.4 dB(A),转向架舱声功率级最大减小0.6 dB(A)。转向架舱前缘控制中直壁、排障器加厚,侧缘控制裙板高度增加、后缘控制倒圆角均可降低远场噪声水平,以及转向架舱顶板湍流脉动压力功率级。排障器加厚、后缘倒角可以减小舱内声功率级,其他减小转向架舱空间体积、封闭的措施使得转向架舱内声功率级增大。Aerodynamic noise reduction control is very important for environmental protection and passage comfort of high-speed train(HST).According to the 1:8 scale model of a 400 km·h^(-1) high-speed train,six aerodynamic noise reduction control methods based on three control types of bogie section,front edge,side edge and rear edge,are established.The sources of unsteady flow field and aerodynamic noise are obtained by large eddy simulation(LES).The far-field and near-field noise calculation methods of FW-H equation and acoustic perturbation equation are used to obtain HST aerodynamic noise.The aerodynamic noise reduction and frequency ranges of different control methods are obtained for far-field and near-field noise.Compared with the wind tunnel test,the total sound pressure level deviations for 90%of the 30 far-field measurement points are within 3 dB(A),the trend of spectrum change is the same and the magnitude difference is small.At 400 km·h^(-1),different noise reduction control methods reduce the average sound pressure level at far-field measurement points by 1.4 dB(A),the turbulent fluctuation power level of bogie section by 3.4 dB(A),and the sound power level of bogie section by 0.6 dB(A).Thickening the straight wall and the cowcatcher in the front edge control,increasing the height of side cover in the side edge control and chamfering in the rear edge control can all reduce the far-field noise level and the turbulent fluctuating pressure level on the roof surface of bogie section.The sound power level in the bogie section can be reduced by thickening the cowcatcher and chamfering the rear edge,however,reducing the volume of bogie section and enclosing the section will increase the sound power level in bogie section.

关 键 词：高速列车 转向架区域 气动降噪控制 风洞试验 

分 类 号：O429[理学—声学]